Fourth Cranial Nerve Palsy and Bilateral Acute Retinal Necrosis following Human Herpesvirus 6 Infection of the Central Nervous System

Papageorgiou, Eleni; Ch'ng, Soon Wai; Kulkarni, A. G.; Anwar, Samira; Empeslidis, Theodoros

doi:10.3109/09273948.2013.856533

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It has been reported that the rate of neurological complications in EBV infections was 7% [53][54][55][56]. In addition, cases of isolated CN lesions like unilateral or bilateral facial nerve lesions associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection [16], and CN IV lesion with bilateral acute retinal necrosis following HHV6 and EBV infection of the CNS [17] have been reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cranial nerves are not only the pathways along which viruses are transported from one tissue to another, but are also sites of pathological changes resulting in their dysfunction [8,[14][15][16][17]. The mechanisms of viral injury to CN cells have not been fully elucidated yet; there have been, however, case reports confirming the association between cranial nerve injury and herpetic infection, with an adequate antiviral therapy resulting in improvement or complete restoration of CN function [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cranial nerve III and/or VI function abnormalities associated with active herpesvirus infection: Clinical experience and literature review

Vasilyeva¹,

Zhdanova²,

Chopik³

et al. 2018

Oftalmol Zh

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The field of oculomotor abnormalities (OMA) is of clinical and social importance. There is a group of OMA of unknown etiology. Purpose: To investigate the presence of DNA of herpesviruses venous blood of patients with OMA resulting from lesions of cranial nerves (CN) III and/or VI. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients with OMA of unknown etiology underwent examination. Whole venous blood samples were collected for detection of herpes simplex virus type 1/2 (HSV1/2), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein Barr virus (EBV), human herpes virus 6 (HHV6), HHV7, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and HHV8 DNA using polymerase chain reaction. Results: HHV7 was most common (16 patients; 45.7%), followed by EBV (5; 14.3%), HHV6 (2; 5.7%), HSV1/2 (1 patient) and CMV (1 patient). Eight patients (22.8%) were found to have two viruses. Of these, 6 had both EBV and HHV7, one had both EBV and HHV6, and one had both HHV6 and HHV7. In addition, 2 patients (5.7%) were found to have three viruses, EBV, HHV6, and HHV7. Conclusion: For patients with OMA of unknown etiology, the venous blood should be tested by PCR for herpesviruses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cranial nerve III and/or VI function abnormalities associated with active herpesvirus infection: Clinical experience and literature review

Vasilyeva¹,

Zhdanova²,

Chopik³

et al. 2018

Oftalmol Zh

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“…; Papageorgiou et al. ). However, few, if any, studies have described ophthalmological findings in a paediatric population with clinical encephalitis of unselected origins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ophthalmological findings in children with encephalitis

Hellgren

Fowler

Rydberg

et al. 2016

Acta Ophthalmologica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To evaluate ophthalmological abnormalities in children with acute encephalitis. Methods: Thirty-six children included in a hospital-based prospectively and consecutively collected cohort of children with acute encephalitis were investigated for ophthalmological abnormalities. The investigation included clinical ophthalmological examination, fundus photography, neuro-ophthalmological examinations as well as visual and stereo acuity. Results on laboratory examinations, clinical findings, neuroimaging and electroencephalography registrations were recorded for all children. Results: The median age was 4.0 years (Interquartile Range 1.9-9.8). The aetiology was identified in 74% of cases. Three of 36 patients were found to have abnormal ophthalmological findings related to the encephalitis. Transient sixth nerve palsy was seen in a 15-year-old child and transient visual impairment was seen in a 3.5-year-old child. Bilateral miosis and ptosis, i.e. autonomic nerve system symptoms, were seen in an 11-month-old child, with herpes simplex 1 and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody encephalitis. All three children recovered and improved their ophthalmological function with time. Conclusion: Only 3 of 36 children were found to have ophthalmological abnormalities due to encephalitis and they all improved with time. Thus, ophthalmological consultation does not seem to fit in a screening programme for childhood encephalitis but should be considered in selected cases.

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“…This syndrome has been termed progressive outer retinal necrosis (PORN) and is caused most often by VZV. 11,12 Two research articles 13,14 and two letters 15,16 in this issue of Ocular Immunology & Inflammation present important findings relevant to the clinical presentation, progression, and management of NHR.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 A contrastenhanced MRI of the brain and spinal cord revealed numerous areas of enhancement, including the prechiasmal portion of the right optic nerve and the intracranial portion of the right third nerve. HHV-6 DNA was identified in the cerebrospinal fluid using a real-time, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based test, leading the authors to conclude that HHV-6 caused many, if not all, of the complications and that the recent EBV infection may have facilitated reactivation of latent HHV-6.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%