Fourth generation biofuel from genetically modified algal biomass: Challenges and future directions

Shokravi, Hoofar; Shokravi, Zahra; Heidarrezaei, Mahshid; Ong, Hwai Chyuan; Koloor, Seyed Saeid Rahimian; Petrů, Michal; Lau, Woei Jye; Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131535

Cited by 79 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…Fourth-generation biodiesel uses photo bio-solar fuels and electric fuels as feedstock and utilizes advanced technologies to capture large amounts of CO 2 , improving the productivity of biodiesel and the adaptability of microalgae in wastewater [157]. The potential of genetically modified biodiesel to increase biomass productivity while reducing cost and improving quality has attracted the interest of many researchers [158]. Different raw materials of solar energy-based biodiesel and genetically modified microalgae-based biodiesel are shown in Table 3.…”

Section: Research On the Fourth-generation Biodieselmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of the Properties, Performance, Combustion, and Emissions of the Diesel Engine Fueled with Different Generations of Biodiesel

Zhang

Zhong

et al. 2022

Processes

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Due to the increasing air pollution from diesel engines and the shortage of conventional fossil fuels, many experimental and numerical types of research have been carried out and published in the literature over the past few decades to find a new, sustainable, and alternative fuels. Biodiesel is an appropriate alternate solution for diesel engines because it is renewable, non-toxic, and eco-friendly. According to the European Academies Science Advisory Council, biodiesel evolution is broadly classified into four generations. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the production, properties, combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of diesel engines using different generations of biodiesel as an alternative fuel to replace fossil-based diesel and summarizes the primary feedstocks and properties of different generations of biodiesel compared with diesel. The general impression is that the use of different generations of biodiesel decreased 30% CO, 50% HC, and 70% smoke emissions compared with diesel. Engine performance is slightly decreased by an average of 3.13%, 89.56%, and 11.98% for higher density, viscosity, and cetane, respectively, while having a 7.96% lower heating value compared with diesel. A certain ratio of biodiesel as fuel instead of fossil diesel combined with advanced after-treatment technology is the main trend of future diesel engine development.

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Section: Research On the Fourth-generation Biodieselmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of the Properties, Performance, Combustion, and Emissions of the Diesel Engine Fueled with Different Generations of Biodiesel

Zhang

Zhong

et al. 2022

Processes

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“…On the other hand, it was evident that reaction temperature has less significance in WCOBD production. The effect of process parameters in achieving better WCOBD yield can also be witnessed with the 2D contour plots as shown in figures (4)(5)(6). In these plots, the relation between any two process parameters which show a significant change in WCOBD yield can be examined.…”

Section: Interaction Effect Of Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Therefore, the search for renewable and environment-friendly fuels is gaining wide popularity. Biofuels, obtained from different plant and animal oil feedstocks, resemble a better solution to mitigate energy and environmental challenges [5], [6]. Research on alternative fuels, especially biodiesels, is gaining significance due to good quality combustion, resulting in low exhaust emissions and eco-friendly fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil: Characterization, Modeling and Optimization

Kolakoti¹,

Setiyo

Waluyo

2021

Mech. Eng. for Soc. and Ind.

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In this study, waste and discarded cooking oils (WCO) of palm, sunflower, rice bran and groundnut oils are collected from local restaurants. The high viscous WCO was converted into waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCOBD) by a single-stage transesterification process. During the transesterification process, the important parameters which show a significant change in biodiesel yield are studied using the optimization tool of response surface methodology (RSM). Results reported that 91.30% biodiesel yield was achieved within L18 experiments and NaOH catalyst was identified as the most influential parameter on WCOBD yield. Artificial Intelligence (AI) based modeling was also carried out to predict biodiesel yield. From AI modeling, a predicted yield of 92.88% was achieved, which is 1.70% higher than the RSM method. These results reveal the prediction capabilities and accuracy of the chosen modeling and optimization methods. In addition, the significant fuel properties are measured and observed within the scope of ASTM standards (ASTMD6751) and fatty acid profiles from chromatography reveal the presence of high unsaturated fatty acids in WCOBD. Therefore, utilizing the waste cooking oils for biodiesel production can mitigate the global challenges of environmental and energy paucity.

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“…The development of procedures to induce gametogenesis and mating in other polyploid algae opens the door for the use of advanced genome wide association studies, molecular breeding tools and selection for enhanced performance characteristics and biomass yield (Přibyl P Light is a, 2013; Lucker et al, 2022). Overall, it is expected that the potential to increase biomass yields is great using breeding approaches given the vast genetic diversity that exists in natural algal ecotypes and the possibility to engineer algae (Baker et al, 2007;Ng et al, 2017;Crozet et al, 2018;Naduthodi et al, 2020;Ng et al, 2020;Shokravi et al, 2021).…”

Section: Frontiers In Energy Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to efforts to improve biomass yields through alterations in light use efficiency, there have been limited efforts to improve algal biomass yields through manipulation of CBBC enzymes or by increasing carbon sink strength. There have, however, been substantial efforts to increase lipid accumulation in microalgae through genetic engineering and genome editing approaches often at a loss in biomass accumulation (Gonzalez-Esquer et al, 2019;Fayyaz et al, 2020;Ng et al, 2020;Shokravi et al, 2021). One approach to increase biomass accumulation through manipulation of the CBBC activity was achieved through enhancement of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase activity, an enzyme playing a major role in carbon flux control in the CBBC (Yang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Engineering Algae For Increased Biomass Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

The right stuff; realizing the potential for enhanced biomass production in microalgae

Subramanian

Sayre

2022

Front. Energy Res.

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There is growing evidence that eukaryotic microalgae can become a more sustainable and profitable alternative than terrestrial crops to produce feed, fuels, and valuable coproducts. The major factor driving progress in algal biomass production is the potential of microalgae to produce substantially greater biomass per unit land area than terrestrial crops. To be financially feasible, however, current algal biomass yields must be increased. Given the fact that algal biomass production is in its infancy there exist multiple opportunities to improve biomass yields. For example, recent bioprospecting efforts have led to the identification of new microalgal strains having biomass yields that compete economically with plant biomass. Substantial increases in biomass yields have also been achieved using advanced genetic engineering approaches. Targeted improvements in photosynthetic efficiency have led to three-fold increases in algal biomass yields. One genetic tool that has seen limited application for algal biomass enhancement is advanced breeding genetics. The greater availability of algal genomes and recent advancements in breeding algae will further accelerate yield improvements. Genetic engineering strategies to increase biomass production will also be assisted by transcriptomic and metabolomic studies that help identify metabolic constraints that limit biomass production. In this review we assess some of the recent advances in algal strain selection, directed evolution, genetic engineering and molecular-assisted breeding that offer the potential for increased algal biomass production.

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Fourth generation biofuel from genetically modified algal biomass: Challenges and future directions

Cited by 79 publications

References 176 publications

A Comprehensive Review of the Properties, Performance, Combustion, and Emissions of the Diesel Engine Fueled with Different Generations of Biodiesel

A Comprehensive Review of the Properties, Performance, Combustion, and Emissions of the Diesel Engine Fueled with Different Generations of Biodiesel

Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil: Characterization, Modeling and Optimization

The right stuff; realizing the potential for enhanced biomass production in microalgae

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