Foveated Ray Tracing for VR Headsets

Siekawa, Adam; Chwesiuk, Michał; Mantiuk, Radosław; Piórkowski, Rafał

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-05710-7_9

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For a fixed stimulus, the resolution acuity at 8 degrees of eccentricity of the fovea is 2.8 arcmin, dropping at 7.0 arcmin at 13 degrees (Ogawa and Shidoji, 2011). At an eccentricity of 25 degrees, it is 12 arcmin (Siekawa et al, 2019), and at 30 degrees a spacing of up to 15 arcmin cannot be discriminated (Hoffman et al, 2018).…”

Section: Visual Acuitymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Visual performance is not equal across the entire FOV. Increasing eccentricity from the fovea affects motion perception (Blissing, 2020;Lidestam et al, 2019;Hoffman et al, 2018), visual acuity (Ogawa and Shidoji, 2011;Siekawa et al, 2019;Thibos et al, 1996), light and contrast sensitivity (Thibos et al, 1996;Patney et al, 2016), and color perception (Patney et al, 2016;Hoffman et al, 2018;Duchowski et al, 2009;Hansen et al, 2009). These differences in visual qualities performance across the FOV may be responsible for the fact that different functions are attributed to different portions of the visual field.…”

Section: Field Of Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For visual acuity, we identified a functional threshold of 12.2 arcmin. The range of the 95% CI [10.9-14.2] corresponds to the visual acuity at 20 to 30 degrees of eccentricity from the fovea (Siekawa et al, 2019;Thibos et al, 1996). This visual acuity functional threshold seems to reflect the fact that most of the perception is done through the peripheral vision field (Lee, 2004).…”

Section: Visual Acuitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Identification of Visual Functional Thresholds for Immersion Assessment in Virtual Reality

Hébert-Lavoie

Doyon-Poulin

Ozell

2020

PRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality

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We consider that to objectively measure immersion, one needs to assess how each sensory quality is reproduced in a virtual environment. In this perspective, we introduce the concept of functional threshold which corresponds to the value at which a sensory quality can be degraded without being noticed by the user of a virtual environment. We suggest that the perceived realism of a virtual experience can potentially be evoked for sensory qualities values ranging from the perceptual threshold to the functional threshold. Thus, the identification of functional thresholds values allows us to constrain immersion. To lay the foundation for the identification of functional thresholds, we applied a modified version of the method of limits. We measured the value at which 30 participants were able to identify the degradation of their field of view (FOV), visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity while executing a multi-directional selection test. This enabled us to identify functional perceptual thresholds of 96.6 degrees for FOV, 12.2 arcmin for visual acuity, and 25.6% for contrast sensitivity.

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Section: Visual Acuitymentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Field Of Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Visual Acuitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Identification of Visual Functional Thresholds for Immersion Assessment in Virtual Reality

Hébert-Lavoie

Doyon-Poulin

Ozell

2020

PRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality

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“…is knowledge about a person is important in multiple elds, like automated driving [19] and for measuring the work load of a surgeon [6]. For the eye movements themselves, there are also application areas like the recognition of eye diseases [30] and the foveated rendering [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Convolutional Neural Networks for Raw Eye Tracking Data Segmentation, Generation, and Reconstruction

Fuhl¹,

Ye²,

Kasneci³

2020

Preprint

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Foveated rendering: A state-of-the-art survey

2023

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Recently, virtual reality (VR) technology has been widely used in medical, military, manufacturing, entertainment, and other fields. These applications must simulate different complex material surfaces, various dynamic objects, and complex physical phenomena, increasing the complexity of VR scenes. Current computing devices cannot efficiently render these complex scenes in real time, and delayed rendering makes the content observed by the user inconsistent with the user’s interaction, causing discomfort. Foveated rendering is a promising technique that can accelerate rendering. It takes advantage of human eyes’ inherent features and renders different regions with different qualities without sacrificing perceived visual quality. Foveated rendering research has a history of 31 years and is mainly focused on solving the following three problems. The first is to apply perceptual models of the human visual system into foveated rendering. The second is to render the image with different qualities according to foveation principles. The third is to integrate foveated rendering into existing rendering paradigms to improve rendering performance. In this survey, we review foveated rendering research from 1990 to 2021. We first revisit the visual perceptual models related to foveated rendering. Subsequently, we propose a new foveated rendering taxonomy and then classify and review the research on this basis. Finally, we discuss potential opportunities and open questions in the foveated rendering field. We anticipate that this survey will provide new researchers with a high-level overview of the state-of-the-art in this field, furnish experts with up-to-date information, and offer ideas alongside a framework to VR display software and hardware designers and engineers.

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Foveated Ray Tracing for VR Headsets

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Identification of Visual Functional Thresholds for Immersion Assessment in Virtual Reality

Identification of Visual Functional Thresholds for Immersion Assessment in Virtual Reality

Fully Convolutional Neural Networks for Raw Eye Tracking Data Segmentation, Generation, and Reconstruction

Foveated rendering: A state-of-the-art survey

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