FPGA-based 16-bit 20 MHz device for the inductive measurement of electrical bio-impedance

Priidel, Eiko; Pesti, Ksenija; Min, Mart; Ojarand, Jaan; Märtens, Olev

doi:10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9460073

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…EBI is not the only suitable method for the wearable monitoring of peripheral arteries and cardiovascular parameters: other techniques also give promising results, such as PPG [ 4 ], magnetic induction [ 5 ], accelerometer-data-based ballistocardiography [ 6 ], piezoresistive pressure sensors [ 7 ], etc. However, the property of EBI to issue the changes in blood volume that, among the shape of the waveform itself, reflect the cardiac cycles with vital hemodynamic fiducial points, is an advantage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensor-Location-Specific Joint Acquisition of Peripheral Artery Bioimpedance and Photoplethysmogram for Wearable Applications

Metshein,

Abdullayev,

Gautier

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), being the culprit for one-third of deaths globally, constitute a challenge for biomedical instrumentation development, especially for early disease detection. Pulsating arterial blood flow, providing access to cardiac-related parameters, involves the whole body. Unobtrusive and continuous acquisition of electrical bioimpedance (EBI) and photoplethysmography (PPG) constitute important techniques for monitoring the peripheral arteries, requiring novel approaches and clever means. Methods: In this work, five peripheral arteries were selected for EBI and PPG signal acquisition. The acquisition sites were evaluated based on the signal morphological parameters. A small-data-based deep learning model, which increases the data by dividing them into cardiac periods, was proposed to evaluate the continuity of the signals. Results: The highest sensitivity of EBI was gained for the carotid artery (0.86%), three times higher than that for the next best, the posterior tibial artery (0.27%). The excitation signal parameters affect the measured EBI, confirming the suitability of classical 100 kHz frequency (average probability of 52.35%). The continuity evaluation of the EBI signals confirmed the advantage of the carotid artery (59.4%), while the posterior tibial artery (49.26%) surpasses the radial artery (48.17%). The PPG signal, conversely, commends the location of the posterior tibial artery (97.87%). Conclusions: The peripheral arteries are highly suitable for non-invasive EBI and PPG signal acquisition. The posterior tibial artery constitutes a candidate for the joint acquisition of EBI and PPG signals in sensor-fusion-based wearable devices—an important finding of this research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensor-Location-Specific Joint Acquisition of Peripheral Artery Bioimpedance and Photoplethysmogram for Wearable Applications

Metshein,

Abdullayev,

Gautier

et al. 2023

Sensors

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show abstract

“…Ref. [22] reported EIS inductive measurement in the 10 MHz band, specifically for impedance cardiogram (ICG) and heart/respiration monitoring. The device could take 4000 measurements per second at a 100 kHz to 20 MHz frequency band using FPGA, high-performance ADC, and DAC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FPGA-Based Processor for Continual Capacitive-Coupling Impedance Spectroscopy and Circuit Parameter Estimation

Tsukahara

Yamaguchi

Tanaka

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In principle, the recently proposed capacitive-coupling impedance spectroscopy (CIS) has the capability to acquire frequency spectra of complex electrical impedance sequentially on a millisecond timescale. Even when the measured object with time-varying unknown resistance Rx is capacitively coupled with the measurement electrodes with time-varying unknown capacitance Cx, CIS can be measured. As a proof of concept, this study aimed to develop a prototype that implemented the novel algorithm of CIS and circuit parameter estimation to verify whether the frequency spectra and circuit parameters could be obtained in milliseconds and whether time-varying impedance could be measured. This study proposes a dedicated processor that was implemented as field-programmable gate arrays to perform CIS, estimate Rx and Cx, and their digital-to-analog conversions at a certain time, and to repeat them continually. The proposed processor executed the entire sequence in the order of milliseconds. Combined with a front-end nonsinusoidal oscillator and interfacing circuits, the processor estimated the fixed Rx and fixed Cx with reasonable accuracy. Additionally, the combined system with the processor succeeded in detecting a quick optical response in the resistance of the cadmium sulfide (CdS) photocell connected in series with a capacitor, and in reading out their resistance and capacitance independently as voltages in real-time.

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Low-cost magnetic eddy current respiratory monitoring based on fast digital lock-in algorithm combining undersampling and oversampling

Kong,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2023

Measurement

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FPGA-based 16-bit 20 MHz device for the inductive measurement of electrical bio-impedance

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Sensor-Location-Specific Joint Acquisition of Peripheral Artery Bioimpedance and Photoplethysmogram for Wearable Applications

Sensor-Location-Specific Joint Acquisition of Peripheral Artery Bioimpedance and Photoplethysmogram for Wearable Applications

FPGA-Based Processor for Continual Capacitive-Coupling Impedance Spectroscopy and Circuit Parameter Estimation

Low-cost magnetic eddy current respiratory monitoring based on fast digital lock-in algorithm combining undersampling and oversampling

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