FPGA implementation of highly secure, hardware‐efficient QC‐LDPC code–based nonlinear cryptosystem for wireless sensor networks

Abstract

Summary This paper presents the design and implementation of an integrated architecture for embedding security into quasi‐cyclic (QC) low‐density parity‐check (LDPC) code–based cryptographic system through a nonlinear function of low hardware complexity. Instead of using standard S‐boxes for implementation of nonlinear function, this paper considers a method on the basis of maximum length cellular automata (CA), so that enhanced security can be achieved with simple hardware structure. The proposed system adopts a lightweight random bit stream generator on the basis of linear feedback shift register (LFSR) for generating random error vectors, so that a large number of vectors with very good cryptographic properties can be made available with low hardware cost. Different permutation patterns generated for different message blocks help to provide good degrees of freedom for tuning security with reasonable key size. The hardware architecture for the proposed system is developed and validated through implementation on Xilinx Spartan 3S500E. Analytical and synthesis results show that the proposed scheme is lightweight and offers very high security through continuously changing parameters, thus making it highly suitable for resource‐constrained applications.

A secure channel code‐based scheme for privacy preserving data aggregation in wireless sensor networks

“…Another line of research as a modification of RN cryptosystem that ensures the complete error correction capability of the underlying codes without affecting the security of the cryptosystem is introduced in other studies . In these schemes, the intentional error vector added to the encoded word is generated based on a secret key and is removed during decryption prior to decoding in order to preserve the error correction capability of the code.…”

“…NLFG is an LFSR‐based stream cipher scheme that generates a nonlinear keystream, where the linearity in LFSR is destroyed through the use of complex nonlinear Boolean function, to improve the security. A nonlinear channel code‐based cryptosystem with high security is proposed in Stuart and Deepthi by mapping the message to be encrypted using a nonlinear function. Even though all these schemes provides reliability and privacy simultaneously, none of these schemes are designed to provide homomorphism over encryption, which is required for concealed data aggregation in WSN.…”

“…Even though all these schemes provides reliability and privacy simultaneously, none of these schemes are designed to provide homomorphism over encryption, which is required for concealed data aggregation in WSN. This is due to the fact that the schemes in other studies either introduces nonlinearity in encryption process or changes the encryption matrix with every message transmission to enhance security.…”

“…Based on this analysis, a novel design of LFSR‐based intentional error vector generator is presented, which ensures that the randomness and security properties are preserved in the aggregated ciphertext. Moreover, in contrast to all other schemes, nonbinary QC‐LDPC codes are used in the proposed scheme for better reliability while supporting data aggregation.…”

Design and Analysis of Non-Binary LDPC-CPM System for Hybrid Check Matrix Construction Algorithm of WSN

“…In error correction coding, non-binary LDPC codes are the best ones currently used for error correction capability, low coding complexity and high decoding efficiency and are very suitable for use in WSN [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The research shows that the non-binary LDPC code using the belief propagation (BP) algorithm has excellent performance approaching the Shannon limit.…”