Fracture abundance and patterns in the Subandean fold and thrust belt, Devonian Huamampampa Formation petroleum reservoirs and outcrops, Argentina and Bolivia

Iñigo, Juan; Laubach, Stephen E.; Hooker, John N.

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.01.010

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…1). This relationship is seen in the Sub-Andean fold and thrust belt (Iñigo et al, 2012) where fracture apertures widen from the low strain backlimbs to the higher strain hinge and forelimbs. Fracture aperture is also though to correlate to fracture lengths; longer fractures tend to have wider apertures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Many studies have been conducted to investigate how fracture attributes vary in carbonate thrust belts for hydrocarbon exploration, such as in the Zagros foldand-thrust belt of Iran (McQuillan, 1973(McQuillan, , 1974Wennberg et al, 2006;Wennberg et al, 2007;Awdal et al, 2013), the Italian Apennines , the Rocky Mountains of the USA and Canada (Ghosh and Mitra, 2009;Barbier et al, 2012) and the Northeastern Brooks Range, Alaska (Hanks et al, 1997). Studies on fracturing in sandstone thrust belts are much less well documented; examples include Florez-Niño et al (2005) and Iñigo et al (2012) who use fractured outcrops as analogues to low porosity, low permeability (tight) sandstone hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Sub-Andean thrust belt. Other examples include Hennings et al (2000), Bergbauer and Pollard (2004) and Bellahsen et al (2006), who investigate fracture distributions across sandstone anticlines in Wyoming, USA, and Guiton et al (2003) determine fold-fracture relationships in folded Devonian sandstones, Morocco.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of structural position on fracture networks in the Torridon Group, Achnashellach fold and thrust belt, NW Scotland

Watkins

Butler

Bond

et al. 2015

Journal of Structural Geology

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a b s t r a c tIn fold-and-thrust belts rocks undergo deformation as fold geometries evolve. Deformation may be accommodated by brittle fracturing, which can vary depending on structural position. We use 2D forward modelling and 3D restorations to determine strain distributions throughout folds of the Achnashellach Culmination, Moine Thrust Belt, NW Scotland. Fracture data is taken from the Torridon Group; a thick, coarse grained fluviatile sandstone deposited during the Proterozoic. Modelling infers a correlation between strain and simple curvature; we use simple curvature to infer how structural position and strain control fracture attribute variations in a fold and thrust belt.In high curvature regions, such as forelimbs, fracture intensities are high and fractures are short and oriented parallel to fold hinges. In low curvature regions fractures have variable intensities and are longer. Fracture orientations in these regions are scattered and vary over short distances. These variations do not relate to strain; data suggests lithology may influence fracturing. The strain history of fold structures also influences fracturing; structures with longer deformation histories exhibit consistent fracture attributes due to moderate-high strain during folding, despite present day low curvature. This is in contrast to younger folds with similar curvatures but shorter deformation histories. We suggest in high strain regions fracturing is influenced by structural controls, whereas in low strain regions lithology becomes more important in influencing fracturing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of structural position on fracture networks in the Torridon Group, Achnashellach fold and thrust belt, NW Scotland

Watkins

Butler

Bond

et al. 2015

Journal of Structural Geology

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“…So, to properly represent relative abundance between the fracture sets, multiple scanlines at different orientations should be used. Many studies have adopted this method (McQuillan, 1973;Hanks et al, 1997;Wennberg et al, 2007;Ortega et al, 2010;Hooker et al, 2011;Barbier et al, 2012;Ellis et al, 2012;Iñigo et al, 2012) whereby a scanline is set up perpendicular to the strike of each fracture set on the outcrop. For each scanline, fracture attributes are measured for that fracture set only.…”

Section: Linear Scanline Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appraisal of fracture sampling methods and a new workflow to characterise heterogeneous fracture networks at outcrop

Watkins

Bond

Healy

et al. 2015

Journal of Structural Geology

149

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a b s t r a c tCharacterising fractures at outcrop for use as analogues to fractured reservoirs can use several methods. Four important fracture data collection methods are linear scanline sampling, areal sampling, window sampling and circular scanline sampling. In regions of homogeneous fracture networks these methods are adequate to characterise fracture patterns for use as outcrop analogues, however where fractures are heterogeneous, it is more difficult to characterise fracture networks and a different approach is needed.We develop a workflow for fracture data collection in a region of heterogeneous fractures in a fold and thrust belt, which we believe has applicability to a wide variety of fracture networks in different tectonic settings. We use an augmented circular scanline method, along with areal sampling to collect a range of fracture attribute data, including orientation, length, aperture, spatial distribution and intensity. This augmented circular scanline method more than halves the time taken for data collection, provides accurate, unbiased data that is representative of local fracture network attributes and involves data collection of a wider range of fracture attributes than other sampling techniques alone.

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“…The literature on these measurements is extensive (e.g., Aydin, ; Dershowitz et al, ; Dershowitz & Herda, ; Iñigo et al, ; La Pointe & Hudson, ; Laubach & Ward, ; Marrett et al, ; Narr et al, ; Sanderson & Nixon, ; Tavani et al, ; Ukar et al, ; Wennberg et al, ).…”

Section: The Challenge Of Natural Fractures In the Earthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Chemistry in Fracture Pattern Development and Opportunities to Advance Interpretations of Geological Materials

Laubach

Lander²,

Criscenti

et al. 2019

Reviews of Geophysics

229

106

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Fracture pattern development has been a challenging area of research in the Earth sciences for more than 100 years. Much has been learned about the spatial and temporal complexity inherent to these systems, but severe challenges remain. Future advances will require new approaches. Chemical processes play a larger role in opening‐mode fracture pattern development than has hitherto been appreciated. This review examines relationships between mechanical and geochemical processes that influence the fracture patterns recorded in natural settings. For fractures formed in diagenetic settings (~50 to 200 °C), we review evidence of chemical reactions in fractures and show how a chemical perspective helps solve problems in fracture analysis. We also outline impediments to subsurface pattern measurement and interpretation, assess implications of discoveries in fracture history reconstruction for process‐based models, review models of fracture cementation and chemically assisted fracture growth, and discuss promising paths for future work. To accurately predict the mechanical and fluid flow properties of fracture systems, a processes‐based approach is needed. Progress is possible using observational, experimental, and modeling approaches that view fracture patterns and properties as the result of coupled mechanical and chemical processes. A critical area is reconstructing patterns through time. Such data sets are essential for developing and testing predictive models. Other topics that need work include models of crystal growth and dissolution rates under geological conditions, cement mechanical effects, and subcritical crack propagation. Advances in machine learning and 3‐D imaging present opportunities for a mechanistic understanding of fracture formation and development, enabling prediction of spatial and temporal complexity over geologic timescales. Geophysical research with a chemical perspective is needed to correctly identify and interpret fractures from geophysical measurements during site characterization and monitoring of subsurface engineering activities.

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Fracture abundance and patterns in the Subandean fold and thrust belt, Devonian Huamampampa Formation petroleum reservoirs and outcrops, Argentina and Bolivia

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

Influence of structural position on fracture networks in the Torridon Group, Achnashellach fold and thrust belt, NW Scotland

Influence of structural position on fracture networks in the Torridon Group, Achnashellach fold and thrust belt, NW Scotland

Appraisal of fracture sampling methods and a new workflow to characterise heterogeneous fracture networks at outcrop

The Role of Chemistry in Fracture Pattern Development and Opportunities to Advance Interpretations of Geological Materials

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