Fragaria Iturupensis: A New Source for Strawberry Improvement?

Staudt, G.; Schneider, S.; Scheewe, P.; Ulrich, Detlef; Olbricht, Klaus

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2009.842.97

Acta Hortic.

2009

DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2009.842.97

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Fragaria Iturupensis: A New Source for Strawberry Improvement?

G. Staudt¹,

S. Schneider²,

P. Scheewe³

et al.

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“…Staudt described F. iturupensis as an octoploid (1973, 1989, 1999, 2008; Staudt et al, 2008; Staudt and Olbricht, 2008), and his suggestion that F. iturupensis was the “only known Asian octoploid” reverberated in not only his works but in those of others (Hancock et al, 1996; Hancock, 1999; Deng and Lei, 2005; Hummer, 2007; Hummer and Sabitov, 2008). He conjectured (1999) that F. iturupensis may represent an ancestral form of the American octoploid species, but further investigation was needed.…”

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confidence: 96%

“…virginiana from Canada, also both octoploid. Europe has no known native octoploid strawberry species (Staudt, 1989), and only one Asian octoploid species, F. iturupensis Staudt, has been reported (Staudt, 1973; Staudt and Olbricht, 2008). This species is distributed on Mount Atsunupuri, Iturup Island, of the Kurile Islands, Sakhalin Territory, in the Russian Federation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…glauca with respect to the leaf texture and color, while the fruit, although larger, was similar to that of F. vesca , particularly in having reflexed calyces and superficial achenes. (Staudt, 1989; Staudt et al, 2008). Flavor components of the Iturup strawberry fruits also proved similar to those of F. vesca (Staudt et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…(Staudt, 1989; Staudt et al, 2008). Flavor components of the Iturup strawberry fruits also proved similar to those of F. vesca (Staudt et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A sample of the seed was sent from the NCGR to G. Staudt, who examined seedlings and confirmed, by morphology, that the species was F. iturupensis . He did not perform chromosome counts on the seedlings, assuming they were octoploid (Staudt, 1973), similar to the plants that he named and counted previously.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Decaploidy in Fragaria iturupensis (Rosaceae)

Hummer

Nathewet

Yanagi

2009

American J of Botany

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The strawberry genus, Fragaria (Rosaceae), has a base chromosome number of x = 7. Cultivated strawberries (F. ×ananassa nothosubsp. ananassa) are octoploid (2n = 8x = 56) and first hybridized from F. chiloensis subsp. chiloensis forma chiloensis × F. virginiana subsp. virginiana. Europe has no known native octoploid species, and only one Asian octoploid species has been reported: F. iturupensis, from Iturup Island. Our objective was to examine the chromosomes of F. iturupensis. Ploidy levels of wild strawberry species, include diploid (2n = 2x = 14), tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28), pentaploid (2n = 5x = 35), hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42), octoploid (2n = 8x = 56), and nonaploid (2n = 9x = 63). Artificial triploid (2n = 3x = 21), tetraploid, pentaploid, octoploid, decaploid (2n = 10x = 70), 16-ploid, and 32-ploid plants have been constructed and cultivated. Surprisingly, chromosome counts and flow cytometry revealed that F. iturupensis includes natural decaploid genotypes with 2n = 10x = 70 chromosomes. This report is the first of a naturally occurring decaploid strawberry species. Further research on F. iturupensis and exploration on northern Pacific islands is warranted to ascertain the phylogeny and development of American octoploid species.

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confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Staudt, 1989; Staudt et al, 2008). Flavor components of the Iturup strawberry fruits also proved similar to those of F. vesca (Staudt et al, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decaploidy in Fragaria iturupensis (Rosaceae)

Hummer

Nathewet

Yanagi

2009

American J of Botany

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Plastid genomes reveal recurrent formation of allopolyploid Fragaria

Dillenberger

Wei

Tennessen

et al. 2018

American J of Botany

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Recurrent formation of polyploid taxa is a common observation in many plant groups. Haploid, cytoplasmic genomes like the plastid genome can be used to overcome the problem of homeologous genes and recombination in polyploid taxa. Fragaria (Rosaceae) contains several octo-and decaploid species. We use plastome sequences to infer the plastid ancestry of these taxa with special focus on the decaploid Fragaria cascadensis. METHODS: We used genome skimming of 96 polyploid Fragaria samples on a single Illumina HiSeq 3000 lane to obtain whole plastome sequences. These sequences were used for phylogenetic reconstructions and dating analyses. Ploidy of all samples was inferred with flow cytometry, and plastid inheritance was examined in a controlled cross of F. cascadensis. KEY RESULTS: The plastid genome phylogeny shows that only the octoploid F. chiloensis is monophyletic, all other polyploid taxa were supported to be para-or polyphyletic. The decaploid Fragaria cascadensis has biparental plastid inheritance and four different plastid donors. Diversification of the F. cascadensis clades occurred in the last 230,000 years. The southern part of its distribution range harbors considerably higher genetic diversity, suggestive of a potential refugium. CONCLUSIONS: Fragaria cascadensis had at least four independent origins from parents with different plastomes. In contrast, para-and polyphyletic taxa of the octoploid Fragaria species are best explained by incomplete lineage sorting and/or hybridization. Biogeographic patterns in F. cascadensis are probably a result of range shift during the last glacial maximum.

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Strawberry Species of Iturup and Sakhalin Islands

Hummer¹,

Sabitov²

2008

horts

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A plant-collecting expedition to Iturup and Sakhalin Islands, Sakhalin Territory, Russian Federation, occurred between 21 July and 12 Sept. 2003. Strawberries, Fragaria L., were observed and collected. Japanese and Russian flora describe two diploid (2n = 2x = 14) species, F. iinumae Makino and the Yezoensis strawberry, F. nipponica Makino [syn. = Fragaria nipponica var. yezoensis (H. Hara) Kitam.], as native to those islands. In addition, a recent monograph described a new octoploid (2n = 8x = 56) strawberry species, F. iturupensis Staudt, from a Japanese herbarium specimen collected on Atsunupuri volcano near Lesozovodoskyi, Iturup, in 1929. The objectives of the 2003 collecting trip were to obtain wild strawberries from these islands and determine if a population of F. iturupensis still existed on the volcano. The native F. iinumae Makino was obtained from the Ogonki Village, Anivskyi Region, Southern Sakhalin Island, but was not observed on Iturup. The Yezoensis strawberry was observed at Cape Otlivnoy, Iturup. Two small colonies of the native octoploid F. iturupensis Staudt were collected from mid-elevations on the east-facing slope of Atsunupuri volcano. The native distribution of F. iturupensis was limited to this volcanic montane habitat and was not found in the foggy, sandy locations of coastal elevations on Iturup. The leaf morphology and growth habit of F. iturupensis plants were similar to that of F. virginiana subsp. glauca (S. Watson) Staudt of North America, but the fruit was different, more like F. vesca L. Probable cultivated escapes were observed at two sites on the east coast of Iturup and at one site in southern Sakhalin. The 2003 expedition confirmed the existence of F. iturupensis, the only known native Asian octoploid strawberry on Atsunupuri. Limited quantities of germplasm are available for research from the curator, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR, the U.S. national strawberry gene bank.

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Fragaria Iturupensis: A New Source for Strawberry Improvement?

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Decaploidy in Fragaria iturupensis (Rosaceae)

Decaploidy in Fragaria iturupensis (Rosaceae)

Plastid genomes reveal recurrent formation of allopolyploid Fragaria

Strawberry Species of Iturup and Sakhalin Islands

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