Free Space Optical Communications: An Overview

Sadiku, Matthew N. O.; Musa, Sarhan M.; Nelatury, Sudarshan R.

doi:10.19044/esj.2016.v12n9p55

Cited by 41 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…VLC also provides system security [ 193 ], and it is expected to break the terabit-per second barrier [ 6 ]. FSO allows broadband communication through the transmission of modulated light signals through free space [ 194 ]. This provides a cost-effective alternative communication for a low-income population [ 195 ].…”

Section: Enabling Technologies and Challenges For 6gmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-light sight communication attributable to obstruction on the beam path makes communication difficult. There is also doubt on the safety of lasers [ 194 ]. Just as VLC, FSO is susceptible to absorption, scattering, scintillation, atmospheric turbulence, and other hostile environmental conditions [ 195 , 205 ].…”

Section: Enabling Technologies and Challenges For 6gmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

6G Enabled Smart Infrastructure for Sustainable Society: Opportunities, Challenges, and Research Roadmap

Imoize

Adedeji

Tandiya

et al. 2021

Sensors

176

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The 5G wireless communication network is currently faced with the challenge of limited data speed exacerbated by the proliferation of billions of data-intensive applications. To address this problem, researchers are developing cutting-edge technologies for the envisioned 6G wireless communication standards to satisfy the escalating wireless services demands. Though some of the candidate technologies in the 5G standards will apply to 6G wireless networks, key disruptive technologies that will guarantee the desired quality of physical experience to achieve ubiquitous wireless connectivity are expected in 6G. This article first provides a foundational background on the evolution of different wireless communication standards to have a proper insight into the vision and requirements of 6G. Second, we provide a panoramic view of the enabling technologies proposed to facilitate 6G and introduce emerging 6G applications such as multi-sensory–extended reality, digital replica, and more. Next, the technology-driven challenges, social, psychological, health and commercialization issues posed to actualizing 6G, and the probable solutions to tackle these challenges are discussed extensively. Additionally, we present new use cases of the 6G technology in agriculture, education, media and entertainment, logistics and transportation, and tourism. Furthermore, we discuss the multi-faceted communication capabilities of 6G that will contribute significantly to global sustainability and how 6G will bring about a dramatic change in the business arena. Finally, we highlight the research trends, open research issues, and key take-away lessons for future research exploration in 6G wireless communication.

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Section: Enabling Technologies and Challenges For 6gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enabling Technologies and Challenges For 6gmentioning

confidence: 99%

6G Enabled Smart Infrastructure for Sustainable Society: Opportunities, Challenges, and Research Roadmap

Imoize

Adedeji

Tandiya

et al. 2021

Sensors

176

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Atmospheric laser communication is featured with the advantages of large channel capacity, good confidentiality, convenient installation, and low production cost compared with other wireless and wired communication equipment [1]. However, the diffraction and non-self-heal effects of Gaussian beam are very obvious in the transmission process when it meets obstacles or blocks [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensity Distribution of Partially Coherent Array Finite Airy Beams Propagating in Atmospheric Turbulence

Jin

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

International Journal of Optics

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Based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral and the Rytov phase structure function, the closed-form expression of a partially coherent array finite Airy beams (PCAFABs) cutting through the Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence is derived in the space domain under the paraxial approximation. The characteristics of the PCAFABs evoluting in the atmospheric environment are investigated in detail on the basis of the derived wave propagation formulae. We mainly illustrate the intensity profile of this beam changed with the truncation parameter, coherence length, and turbulence factor at several cross sections of the atmospheric space by means of numerical figures. It is convinced that the present concept and derived conclusions will provide useful exploration for learning the optical properties of the PCAFABs transmitting in the atmospheric turbulence, especially for free-space optical communication area.

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“…Over the years, FSO technology has gained acceptance in enterprise campus network [1]. FSO provides high bandwidth with fast installation time compare with fiber optic [2]. It is also, to date, have free licensing of frequency and high secure compare with radio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability Prediction Methods for Terrestrial Free-Space-Optical Link Under Tropical Climate

Basahel¹,

Islam²,

Habaebi³

et al. 2018

IJEECS

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<p>Free-space optical (FSO) links provide high speed point-to-point wireless communication, but its availability can easily be affected by weather conditions. In heavy rainfall regions, FSO links are relatively sensitive to rain. Availability prediction of FSO is indispensable part, especially in tropical areas. In this paper, methods to predict FSO link availability are presented. The overall performance of FSO link is described in terms of the availability that can be achieved over anticipated link distance. The availability prediction methods demonstrated for an FSO link ranges up to 5 km. The availability prediction methods are based on long-term statistics of atmospheric attenuations and FSO link budget under tropical climate condition. In tropical regions, for a terrestrial FSO link, carrier class availability can be achieved over a few hundred meters only; whereas enterprise class availability can be achieved over a few kilometers link distances. </p>

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Free Space Optical Communications: An Overview

Cited by 41 publications

References 15 publications

6G Enabled Smart Infrastructure for Sustainable Society: Opportunities, Challenges, and Research Roadmap

6G Enabled Smart Infrastructure for Sustainable Society: Opportunities, Challenges, and Research Roadmap

Intensity Distribution of Partially Coherent Array Finite Airy Beams Propagating in Atmospheric Turbulence

Availability Prediction Methods for Terrestrial Free-Space-Optical Link Under Tropical Climate

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