Free space optical communications research at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

Rabinovich, William S.; Moore, Christopher I.; Burris, H. R.; Murphy, James L.; Suite, Michele R.; Mahon, Rita; Ferraro, Mike S.; Goetz, Peter G.; Thomas, L.; Font, Carlos O.; Gilbreath, G. C.; Xu, Bingxin; Binari, S.C.; Hacker, Kurt; Reese, S.; Freeman, Wade T.; Frawley, Steve; Saint-Georges, E.; Uecke, S.; Sender, J.

doi:10.1117/12.843682

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Over the decades, the interest in OWC remained mainly limited to covert military applications [7], [8] and space applications including inter-satellite and deep-space links. 1 OWC's mass market penetration has been so far limited with the exception of IrDA which became a highly successful wireless shortrange transmission solution [16].…”

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confidence: 99%

Survey on Free Space Optical Communication: A Communication Theory Perspective

Khalighi

Uysal

2014

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

1,932

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Optical wireless communication (OWC) refers to transmission in unguided propagation media through the use of optical carriers, i.e., visible, infrared (IR), and ultraviolet (UV) bands. In this survey, we focus on outdoor terrestrial OWC links which operate in near IR band. These are widely referred to as free space optical (FSO) communication in the literature. FSO systems are used for high rate communication between two fixed points over distances up to several kilometers. In comparison to radio-frequency (RF) counterparts, FSO links have a very high optical bandwidth available, allowing much higher data rates. They are appealing for a wide range of applications such as metropolitan area network (MAN) extension, local area network (LAN)-to-LAN connectivity, fiber back-up, backhaul for wireless cellular networks, disaster recovery, high definition TV and medical image/video transmission, wireless video surveillance/ monitoring, and quantum key distribution among others. Despite the major advantages of FSO technology and variety of its application areas, its widespread use has been hampered by its rather disappointing link reliability particularly in long ranges due to atmospheric turbulence-induced fading and sensitivity to weather conditions. In the last five years or so, there has been a surge of interest in FSO research to address these major technical challenges. Several innovative physical layer concepts, originally introduced in the context of RF systems, such as multiple-input multiple-output communication, cooperative diversity, and adaptive transmission have been recently explored for the design of next generation FSO systems. In this paper, we present an up-to-date survey on FSO communication systems. The first part describes FSO channel models and transmitter/receiver structures. In the second part, we provide details on information theoretical limits of FSO channels and algorithmic-level system design research activities to approach these limits. Specific topics include advances in modulation, channel coding, spatial/cooperative diversity techniques, adaptive transmission, and hybrid RF/FSO systems.

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confidence: 99%

Survey on Free Space Optical Communication: A Communication Theory Perspective

Khalighi

Uysal

2014

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

1,932

959

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“…Near Infrared wavelength is between 700 -1600 nm, in contrast to RF range of 30 mm to 3 m. The Optical wavelength is, therefore, much smaller than the RF wavelength and hence, the FSO system bandwidth of THz offers a very high bandwidth as compared to RF Carrier. Previously, the FSO applications were restricted to military and inter-satellite communication paradigm and therefore was held in secrecy [43]. To address the ever-increasing demand for higher data rates and bandwidth requirements, FSO communications products were inducted for commercial usage [44,45].…”

Section: Strength and Advancements In Fso Communication Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duplex Baseband Signal Transmission Over Free Space Optical (FSO) Link Employing Carrier Reuse

Zaheer

2023

Preprint

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With increasing IoT and a plethora of multimedia applications being used, there is an ever-increasing demand for bandwidth-intensive applications coupled with cost-effectiveness. Communication networks employing optical fiber had been de facto standard for such communication systems. The Optical Fiber network's high cost and man-hours required for laying demand wireless solutions. Therefore, an optimum and cost-effective duplex optical link for two channels baseband signal data transmission has been designed and validated using a single laser source. The link is designed for high data rate transmission between buildings within 1.5~2 km utilizing modular and low complexity. An optical link for 20 Gb/s duplex data transmission is designed using a single laser source. A transmission distance of 1.5 km has been achieved by providing a cost-efficient design with low complexity by utilizing differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) and On-Off Keying (OOK) modulation techniques. The design allowed us to reuse the downlink signal for the uplink transmission over free Space, thus eliminating the requirement for a separate laser at the other end. Each channel's transmission data rate was 10Gb/sec. At the former end, the DQPSK technique was employed for data modulation and the data was transmitted into free space. The data was then split at the latter end for downlink reception along with reusing the downlink received signal for uplink transmission to the former end utilizing the OOK modulation technique. The received data was compared with the transmitted one to verify and validate the system's accuracy through signal waveforms and BER (Bit Error Rate). Bit error rate (BER) curves and eye diagrams of the received uplink and downlink signal over a duplex transmission single fiber link are provided.

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“…Over the past decades, free-space optical (FSO) communication in practical applications remained mainly confined to military applications, 26,27 intersatellite links, 28 and deep-space links. 29,30 However, in recent years, with the development of techniques and the increasing demand for transmission capacity in optical interconnects, a growing number of research institutes and companies offer solutions and products in visible, infrared, and ultraviolet bands, 6,31,32 the market has begun to show promise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secure optical interconnects using orbital angular momentum beams multiplexing/multicasting

Zhao,

Liu,

et al. 2023

Adv. Photon. Nexus

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.Orbital angular momentum (OAM), described by an azimuthal phase term exp ( jlθ ) , has unbound orthogonal states with different topological charges l. Therefore, with the explosive growth of global communication capacity, especially for short-distance optical interconnects, light-carrying OAM has proved its great potential to improve transmission capacity and spectral efficiency in the space-division multiplexing system due to its orthogonality, security, and compatibility with other techniques. Meanwhile, 100-m free-space optical interconnects become an alternative solution for the “last mile” problem and provide interbuilding communication. We experimentally demonstrate a 260-m secure optical interconnect using OAM multiplexing and 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) signals. We study the beam wandering, power fluctuation, channel cross talk, bit-error-rate performance, and link security. Additionally, we also investigate the link performance for 1-to-9 multicasting at the range of 260 m. Considering that the power distribution may be affected by atmospheric turbulence, we introduce an offline feedback process to make it flexibly controllable.

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Free space optical communications research at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Survey on Free Space Optical Communication: A Communication Theory Perspective

Survey on Free Space Optical Communication: A Communication Theory Perspective

Duplex Baseband Signal Transmission Over Free Space Optical (FSO) Link Employing Carrier Reuse

Secure optical interconnects using orbital angular momentum beams multiplexing/multicasting

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