Free-Space Optics: A Shifting Paradigm in Optical Communication Systems in Difficult Terrains

In this paper, the integrated free-space optics (FSO) and fiber optic model is evaluated using new radio (NR) sub-THz link to sustain next generation 5G capacity. The proposed integrated model effectively applies over 25 km single mode fiber, 0.5 m RF wireless, and 500 m optical wireless. In addition, four different sub-THz frequencies (125, 150, 175, and 200 GHz) are estimated on NR-based 5G FSO network, including 22 Gbps 64quadrature amplitude modulation-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (64QAM-OFDM) signal speed. The proposed FSO enabled fiber optic system is also measured mathematically to satisfy the data transmission accuracy. For confirmation, the theoretical approach of the presented FSO and fiber optic network is realized with an aggregate 342 Gbps speed 16 × 22 . The performance metrics comprising forward error limit (FEL), bit error rate (BER), and error vector magnitude (EVM) are used for weighing simulation results. The outlets of an integrated fiber-FSO network show that by applying NR 5G sub-THz, a high data rate with multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO) transmission capacity can be adjusted victoriously.

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“…(3) Independent scattered component. Te power distribution function (pdf ) for free space is expressed [17][18][19][20] as follows:…”

Section: Theoretical Investigations Of Proposed Fiber-fso Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Free-Space Optics and Fiber Optic Network Performance Enhancement for Sustaining 5G High Capacity Communications

Alsharari

Aliqab

Ali

et al. 2023

International Journal of Optics

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Section: Scatteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Where is λ is the wavelength of light in m, N is the number of molecules per km 3 . α scat is the cross section parameter calculated in km 2 and N scat is the particle concentration calculated in the unit per km 3 . Rayleigh scattering is most prominent in the ultraviolet and visible range and comparatively negligible in infrared wavelength.…”

Section: Scatteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Nonlinearities in FSO Communication System: A Detailed Review

Kumar,

Sharma

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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In the world of today where growing demand for a fast, reliable and secured communication system for the growing population of the world is in dire need, the Free Space Optics (FSO) provides a very good alternative to the conventional RF communication. When compared in terms of free space communication it is better than RF communications in some aspects. Also in regard to optical mode of communication, it is superior to fiber optics when it comes to surpassing the geographical installation related issues and being the “last mile” solution to the impeding problem of providing access of communication link to remote areas across the world. FSO also offers a good access for local operation usage in civil and military areas. Considering such wide usage and promising future applications of FSO technology, this paper brings out various challenges presently faced in the usage of FSO communication system. In the present paper study of non linearities faced and a brief discussion regarding possible mitigation techniques has been carried out.

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“…Resultantly, a paradigm quick transition is inescapably required from RF to OWC owing to congestion of the RF spectrum. OWC also offers reduced half of the power consumption as that of RF along with almost one-tenth of the RF antenna diameter with robust security [5]. Historically, research work on OWC can be traced to at least 50 years back related to space & defense projects, wherein, US military was sending telegraph signals between various points using sunlight energized equipment.…”

Section: Meritsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Military Applications of Free Space Optical Communication Technology: A Detailed Review

Kumar

Sharma

2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Free Space Optical Communication (FSOC) technology, designed to operate through free space as medium is rapidly emerging as reliable, fast & secure alternative for broadband communication. It is being researched & investigated for applications and technical utilities in both civil & military domain systems owing to its immense benefits including high security, better data rates & fast installations, no requirement of licensed spectrum, best costs & simplicity of design as compared to contemporary Radio Frequency (RF) systems. FSOC networks once established are difficult to detect & intercept in view of small divergence of the laser beams. This paper reviews the FSOC technology and presents features based merits as well as unmatched advantages & associated major applications in various fields collating them into a single reference point for future research. Efforts have also been invested to present a review of FSOC’s limitations & innovative emerging mitigation techniques which can prove to be a one stop feeder & a launch pad for future research in FSOC domain. A literature survey has been undertaken of available FSOC related military applications to review & gather relevant inputs to throw light on emerging trends in military applications including recent experiments & researched areas pertaining to laser systems & weapons, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), under sea usages, terrestrial applications, aerial, naval ships/shore based applications & RF/hybrid systems. It has been endeavored to shed light on findings & developments in these classified military domains to generate inputs for future work in this domain. Finally, a future technical roadmap and a way ahead & suggestions have been coined up pointing towards required impetus & focus areas in FSOC research domain.

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Free-Space Optics: A Shifting Paradigm in Optical Communication Systems in Difficult Terrains

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Integrated Free-Space Optics and Fiber Optic Network Performance Enhancement for Sustaining 5G High Capacity Communications

Integrated Free-Space Optics and Fiber Optic Network Performance Enhancement for Sustaining 5G High Capacity Communications

Study of Nonlinearities in FSO Communication System: A Detailed Review

Emerging Military Applications of Free Space Optical Communication Technology: A Detailed Review

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