Free surface deformation and heat transfer by thermocapillary convection

Thermocapillary approaches to the deliberate patterning of polymers

“…Further, in glassy polymers, because there is a glass transition as opposed to complete melting, the viscosity is more varied than the metallic case considered by Grigopolous or even the molecular resist considered by Rogers. In these latter cases, treating the viscosity as uniform is acceptable as most of the material migration necessarily occurs in the hottest regions, thus mirroring the results on LSA of liquids . In FLaSk of polymers, however, some consideration needs to be taken of the viscosity/mobility of the polymeric melts.…”

“…In these latter cases, treating the viscosity as uniform is acceptable as most of the material migration necessarily occurs in the hottest regions, thus mirroring the results on LSA of liquids. [121][122][123][124][125] In FLaSk of polymers, however, some consideration needs to be taken of the viscosity/ mobility of the polymeric melts. Finally, in contrast to ablation or photolithography, where overlap effects are directly additive, in dewetting material is moved rather than removed, and thusly, the temporal sequence of overlapped patterning is critical.…”

Cryogenic propellant management in space: open challenges and perspectives

“…Bubble growth has been studied as: undisturbed growth, influenced by shear flow, influenced by electric field. Source I 89 Dual species system behavior in a compensated gravity environment Suborbital flight HFE-7000, Gaseous nitrogen Free surface behavior, influence of temperature gradients on thermocapillary flows, heat transfer enhancement Source II 88 Single species system behavior in a compensated gravity environment Suborbital flight HFE-7000 Free surface behavior, the influence of evaporation on apparent contact angle …”

“…These campaigns characterized the thermodynamic response of partially filled tanks under different sloshing excitations, working fluids, pressurization techniques, pressurant gasses, and tank designs (e.g., with or without baffles). The state of the art on microgravity experiments has been mainly derived from drop tower experiments (5 s of microgravity) 85 – 87 , and sounding rocket flights (6 min of microgravity) 88 , 89 campaigns. In such experiments, the gas-liquid interface retains a stable shape with a rising contact line along the walls, and periodic oscillations of its center along the axial direction.…”