Freelance as a Creative Mode of Self-employment in a New Economy (a Literature Review)

Baitenizov, D. T.; Dubina, Igor N.; Campbell, David F. J.; Carayannis, Elias G.; Azatbek, Tolkyn

doi:10.1007/s13132-018-0574-5

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…We propose to develop strategies to ensure safe Internet practices (Ion et al 2015 ) instead of restricting Internet usage to avert cyber-risks as the limits imposed on the use of the Internet can result in missed digital opportunities by the students (Livingstone and Helsper 2010 ). In the context of Pakistan, it is critically important to promote safe online behavior not only with respect to its social and psychological cost on the youth but its potential economic impact due to a growing freelance workforce that is mostly comprised of young people (Baitenizov et al 2019 ). The cyber-security behavior problems when analyzed in terms of the digital divide may help define a framework applicable for tertiary institutes to address populations at risk and to develop subsequent interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyber-security and risky behaviors in a developing country context: a Pakistani perspective

Khan

Ikram²,

Saleem³

et al. 2022

Secur J

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyber-security and risky behaviors in a developing country context: a Pakistani perspective

Khan

Ikram²,

Saleem³

et al. 2022

Secur J

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“…It is important to note that the literature has not paid much attention to the kinds of self-employment analyzed and only quite recently, research has moved into more consciously distinguishing types of self-employment and the attendant well-being those different types of self-employment bring (Binder, 2018;Williams et al, 2017;. Occupational profiles of freelancers differ from those of other solo-self-employed and those in turn differ from those self-employed who have employees (e.g., Baitenizov et al, 2019). And with different occupational profiles, job satisfaction can differ between segments of the self-employed: for instance, in the above-mentioned study by Williams et al (2017), solo-self-employment in the UK is segmented into different categories with regard to level of pay (low, mid, high), level of independence (dependent, regulated, independent) and security (insecure, secure).…”

Section: Types Of Self-employmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-employment and Subjective Well-Being

Binder

Blankenberg

2021

SSRN Journal

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Self-employment contributes to employment growth and innovativeness and many individuals want to become self-employed due to the autonomy and flexibility it brings. Using "subjective well-being" as a broad summary measure that evaluates an individual's experience of being self-employed, the chapter discusses evidence and explanations why self-employment is positively associated with job satisfaction, even though the self-employed often earn less than their employed peers, work longer hours and experience more stress and higher job demands.Despite being more satisfied with their jobs, the self-employed do not necessarily enjoy higher overall life satisfaction, which is due to heterogeneity of types of self-employment, as well as motivational factors, work characteristics and institutional setups across countries.

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“…aging enterprises [12]. The entrepreneurial capability structure model also involves comprehensive skills such as team management and resource integration.…”

Section: Entrepreneurship Education Scenarios Are Compoundedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship ability based on nonlinear model

Liang

Alghazzawi

Joseph

2021

Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences

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Under the background of ‘mass entrepreneurship and innovation’, Chinese colleges and universities have strengthened students’ entrepreneurial and innovative abilities. The article first analyses the reasons why applied universities should strengthen innovation and entrepreneurship education. On this basis, the evaluation index system of students’ innovation and entrepreneurship ability is constructed. The thesis uses the nonlinear structural model to complete the index weight setting. Finally, the paper verifies the effectiveness of the combined evaluation model through the data on innovation and entrepreneurship of college students in an university where applied. At the same time, the article proposes measures for optimising the ecological environment of innovation and entrepreneurship education for colleges and universities.

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Freelance as a Creative Mode of Self-employment in a New Economy (a Literature Review)

Cited by 29 publications

References 54 publications

Cyber-security and risky behaviors in a developing country context: a Pakistani perspective

Cyber-security and risky behaviors in a developing country context: a Pakistani perspective

Self-employment and Subjective Well-Being

The evaluation of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship ability based on nonlinear model

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