Freqüência de soropositividade para antígenos de Toxocara canis em crianças de classes sociais diferentes

Júnior, Dioclécio Campos; Elefant, Guita Rubinsky; Silva, Elisabeth Ourique de Melo e; Gandolfi, Leonora; Jacob, Cristina Miuki Abe; Tofeti, Aline; Pratesi, Riccardo

doi:10.1590/s0037-86822003000400013

Cited by 42 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Toxocara infection has been associated with pica and pet ownership [4, 5]. Age, sex, geographical location, and poor socioeconomical status are other risk factors for acquiring the disease [6, 7]. The clinical spectrum of human toxocariasis ranges from asymptomatic cases to systemic infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Toxocara antibodies among patients clinically suspected to have ocular toxocariasis: A retrospective descriptive study in Sri Lanka

2017

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BackgroundHuman toxocariasis, caused by Toxocara canis, T. cati, and T. vitulorum of dogs, cats and ruminants respectively, is recognized as an important zoonotic infection worldwide. The typical clinical syndromes of toxocariasis in humans are ocular larva migrans (OLM) and visceral larva migrans (VLM). The most commonly affected sites of OLM are the peripheral retina and/or vitreous humor. In Sri Lanka, there is a dearth of information on prevalence of ocular infection in our population. Therefore, the present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Toxocara antibodies in suspected OLM patients and to describe demographic factors and clinical manifestations of seropositive patients. A total of 250 clinically suspected ocular toxocariasis cases referred by consultant eye surgeons to the Department of Parasitology, University of Peradeniya were studied between the years 1995 to April 2015.MethodsData (age, sex, fundoscopic findings) were gathered from the referral letters. Each serum sample was subjected to Toxocara excretory – secretory antigen ELISA (TES - ELISA).ResultsOut of the 250 cases, 155 (62%) were seropositive. The age range of the seropositive cases was 1 to 78 years with the mean age of 27 years. The highest seropositivity (25/155) was observed within the age group of 10 to 14 years. The most frequent clinical presentation of seropositive OLM cases were unilateral reduced vision and red eye. The other symptoms include tearing, photophobia and leukokoria. A high proportion of seropositive OLM cases had uveitis (34.19%) followed by reduced vision (21.94%), vitritis (12.9%) and choroiditis (7.74%). However none of these clinical manifestations were significantly associated with TES-ELISA seropositivity except vitreits (X2 = 8.557, p = 0.003).ConclusionIn conclusion, the results of this study showed high seroprevalence of toxocariasis among clinically suspected OLM cases confirming the toxoplasmic etiology. This high rate of Toxocara seropositivity in ocular patients should alert ophthalmologists in Sri Lanka to include toxocariasis in the differential diagnosis of ocular diseases presented with the symptoms and signs stated above.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Toxocara antibodies among patients clinically suspected to have ocular toxocariasis: A retrospective descriptive study in Sri Lanka

2017

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“…The risk of Toxocara infection increases in proportion with environmental contamination (Alderete et al 2003; Conde Garcia et al 1998). Important risk factors of Toxocara transmission include keeping dogs, geophagia (Fan et al 2005; Luzna-Lyskov 2000), age, sex, geographical location, and poor socioeconomical status (Campos Júnior et al 2003; Fillaux et al 2007). The prevalence of serological markers of T. canis infection in Western countries ranges between 2% and 37% (Magnaval et al 2001), in tropical countries the seroprevalence is much higher and may reach even 92.8% (Chomel et al 1993; Magnaval et al 1994), while in Poland in selected populations it ranges between 20.7% and 46.6% (Wnukowska et al 2003; Hermanowska-Szpakowicz et al 2001; Cielecka et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the course and treatment of toxocariasis in children—a long-term observation

et al. 2011

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Toxocariasis is a helminthozoonotic disease caused by ascarid larvae of Toxocara genus: Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. In the reported study, the clinical course of toxocariasis and administered therapy were evaluated in 103 children. The majority of the children (68.9%) were from the rural environment, with a prevalence of boys (62.1%). At diagnosis of infection, 36 (35%) children reported recurrent abdominal pain, 19 (18.4%) headache, 6 (5.8%) loss of appetite, 2 subfebrile conditions, and 2 arthralgia, Moreover, 23 (22.3%) children demonstrated symptoms of atopic diseases; in 30 (29.1%) children, moderate enlargement of lymphatic nodes was noted. In five children (4.9%), ophthalmic examination revealed unilateral changes in the eye: in two cases retinitis; in one case fibrotic lesions in the vitreous body, complicated 1 year from diagnosis by retinal detachment; and in other children parafoveal lesions and cataract. Only two children with ocular changes at diagnosis reported visual disorders. In 64.3% of children, eosinophilia was observed. A covert form of the disease was diagnosed in 95.1% of the children and an ocular form in 4.9%. In all the children, antiparasitic treatment was implemented, repeated several times in some of them. After therapy, the mean titer of specific antibodies, the number of children with abdominal pains and enlarged lymphatic nodes were decreased, while headaches maintained at unchanged levels. In approximately one fourth of the children with negative results of antibodies after the therapy, the symptoms of the disease were still reported. Evaluation of the efficacy of treatment is not easy due to non-characteristic symptoms and low kinetics of specific anti Toxocara IgG decrease; however, high IgG titers suggest non-effective treatment of concomitant infection requiring subsequent therapy. Due to risk of ocular form, which may develop in any stage of the disease, irrespectively of specific antibodies concentrations, it seems justified to implement antiparasitic treatment in all children infected with T. canis.

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“…Devido ao fato de crianças frequentemente terem contato com terra durante suas atividades de lazer em praças, parques ou até mesmo nos quintais de suas casas, esse é um fator de risco que merece muita atenção. A associação da doença com baixa renda também foi discutida e comprovada em alguns trabalhos (7,11,12,54,55) mas não foi analisada no presente estudo.…”

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Prevalência De Toxocaríase E Fatores Associados Em Crianças De Uma Escola Pública Em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

Campos

Carvalho

Soares

et al. 2017

Infarma

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A high prevalence of toxocariasis has been observed in many countries worldwide, especially in tropical countries. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of toxocariasis and its associated factors in 100 children from a public school in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Sociodemographic data, lifestyle habits, self-reported health conditions, as well as characteristics related to housing and the presence of pets, were collected. In addition, clinical exams, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory exams (hemogram, total IgG, total IgE, and anti-Toxocara canis IgG ELISA) were carried out. Among the evaluated children, 15% presented positive serology for toxocariasis. The participants with positive and negative results were compared by means of either a Student's t test, for the two samples, or the Mann-Whitney test, and only the total IgG parameter proved to be statistically different among them. Considering the positive serology, the variable of age, the presence of puppies, contact with the ground, and the BMI (thinness) status proved to be significantly associated. These variables were included in a multiple logistics regression model to identify the factors independently associated with the response variable. The significance level adopted in the final model was of 0.05. Also in the final model, the variable of contact with the ground and the BMI status remained at a p-value of 0.025 and 0.030, respectively. An epidemiologically relevant prevalence of toxocariasis was found in the studied population. This prevalence serves as a warning sign that disease control measures need to be better publicized and implemented.Keywords: children; zoonoses; seroepidemiologic studies; toxocariasis RESUMOTem sido demostrada uma alta prevalência de toxocaríase em diferentes países do mundo, principalmente nos países tropicais. Dessa forma o objetivo desse estudo foi estimar a prevalência de toxocaríase e seus fatores associados em cem crianças de uma escola pública de Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Foram coletadas informações sociodemográficas, hábi-tos de estilo de vida, condições de saúde autorreferida, características relacionadas à moradia e à presença de animais domésticos. Também foram realizados exames clínicos, medidas antropométricas e exames laboratoriais (hemograma, IgG total, IgE total e ELISA para detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-Toxocara canis). Entre as crianças avaliadas,

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Freqüência de soropositividade para antígenos de Toxocara canis em crianças de classes sociais diferentes

Cited by 42 publications

References 13 publications

Prevalence of Toxocara antibodies among patients clinically suspected to have ocular toxocariasis: A retrospective descriptive study in Sri Lanka

Prevalence of Toxocara antibodies among patients clinically suspected to have ocular toxocariasis: A retrospective descriptive study in Sri Lanka

Analysis of the course and treatment of toxocariasis in children—a long-term observation

Prevalência De Toxocaríase E Fatores Associados Em Crianças De Uma Escola Pública Em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

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