Frequency and Polarization-Diversified Linear Sampling Methods for Microwave Tomography and Remote Sensing Using Electromagnetic Metamaterials

Abstract

Metamaterial leaky wave antennas (MTM-LWAs), one kind of frequency scanning antennas, exhibit frequency-space mapping characteristics that can be utilized to obtain a sufficient field of view (FOV) and reconstruct shapes in both remote sensing and microwave imaging. In this article, we utilize MTM-LWAs to conduct a spectrally encoded three-dimensional (3D) microwave tomography and remote sensing that can reconstruct conductive targets with various dimensions. In this novel imaging technique, we employ the linear sampling method (LSM) as a powerful and fast reconstruction approach. Unlike the traditional LSM using only one single frequency to illuminate a fixed direction, the proposed method utilizes a frequency scanning MTM antenna array able to accomplish frequency-space mapping over the targeted 3D background that includes unknown objects. In addition, a novel technique based on a frequency and polarization hybrid method is proposed to improve the shape reconstruction resolution and stability in ill-posed inverse problems. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate the unique advantages of the proposed LSM using MTM-LWAs with frequency and polarization diversity as an efficient 3D remote sensing and tomography scheme.

Cost-Efficient Two-Level Modeling of Microwave Passives Using Feature-Based Surrogates and Domain Confinement

“…As a consequence, physics-based models feature enhanced generalization capability [70]. The most popular modeling technique utilizing physics-based surrogates is arguably space mapping (SM) [71][72][73][74][75][76] along with its numerous variations such as aggressive [77], implicit [78], or frequency SM [79]. Still, the necessity to devise a problemdependent low-fidelity model significantly narrows down the application areas in which physics-based models may be utilized.…”

Correction: Salarkaleji, M. Frequency and Polarization-Diversified Linear Sampling Methods for Microwave Tomography and Remote Sensing Using Electromagnetic Metamaterials. Electronics 2017, 6, 85

“…The authors would like to change the affiliation for second author, Mohammadreza Eskandari, as listed in the original version of the article [1]. The original version incorrectly listed the affiliation for Mohammadreza Eskandari; he was not working in the previous one as a full-time faculty.…”