Frequency-domain interferometer for measurement of the polarization mode dispersion in single-mode optical fibers

Cao, X. D.; Meyerhofer, D. D.

doi:10.1364/ol.19.001837

Cited by 42 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Assuming that the first term is dominant [10], and using the nominal modal birefringence in Table 1, this yields d⌬␤/ d > 2.1 ps/m, consistent with our experimental results. The same technique was used to measure the dispersion between the two lowest order LP-modes of a multimode optical fiber.…”

Section: ⌬␤/Dsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Using an experimental setup similar to that reported by Cao and Meyerhofer [10], we investigated the polarization mode dispersion characteristics of a high-birefringence York HB-750 fiber, whose parameters are listed in Table 1. The transform-limited pulses from the self-modelocked Ti:sapphire laser were launched at a very low average power level of 0.5 mW, at 45°to the fast and slow axes of the fiber.…”

Section: Experimental Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent paper [10] has demonstrated a novel frequency-domain technique using ultrashort pulses to measure PMD in single-mode optical fibers. The technique is based on launching broad-bandwidth pulses equally down the fast and the slow axes of a birefringent fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intermodal Dispersion and Polarization Mode Dispersion Measurements in Optical Fibers Using a Self-Modelocked Ti:Sapphire Laser

Dudley

Murdoch

1996

Optical Fiber Technology

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Section: ⌬␤/Dsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Experimental Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intermodal Dispersion and Polarization Mode Dispersion Measurements in Optical Fibers Using a Self-Modelocked Ti:Sapphire Laser

Dudley

Murdoch

1996

Optical Fiber Technology

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“…The obtained fiber ellipticity has been confirmed by a separate direct measurement using a frequency-domain interferometer [9,10]. A longer piece of fiber (about 8 m) has been used to determine the birefringence of the LP01 mode experimentally.…”

Section: Birefringence Of High-order Modes In An Anisotropic Fibermentioning

confidence: 66%

“…In this technique either complex detection systems had to be used to distinguish the fiber modes or it had to be assumed that the dispersion properties of the fiber modes were well known according to the prior knowledge of the fiber profile. In traditional frequency-domain interferometry [9,10] the experimental setups were relatively simpler because the interference patterns were observed by an optical spectrum analyzer and no reference arm was required. The theoretic background of the technique is that different frequency components in the light source propagate with different speed inside the fiber, which results in a frequencydependent time delay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber-modes and fiber-anisotropy characterization using low-coherence interferometry

Sych

Onishchukov

et al. 2009

Appl. Phys. B

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An optical low-coherence interferometry technique has been used to simultaneously resolve the mode profile and to measure the intermodal dispersion of guided modes of a few-mode fiber. Measurements are performed using short samples of fiber (about 50 cm). There is no need for a complex mode-conversion technique to reach a high interference visibility. Four LP mode groups of the few-mode fiber are resolved. Experimental results and numerical simulations show that the ellipticity of the fiber core leads to a distinct splitting of the degenerate high-order modes in group index. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, it has been demonstrated that degenerate LP11 modes are much more sensitive to core shape variations than the fundamental modes and that intermodal dispersion of high-

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Multi-pulse Interferometric FROG

Siders¹,

Taylor²

2000

Frequency-Resolved Optical Gating: The Measurement of Ultrashort Laser Pulses

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By now you're well aware that in just ten years the measurement of ultrashort light pulses has advanced from practically impossible to nearly indispensable. FROG and related techniques see daily use in labs around the world. Moreover, FROG's self-consistency checks have firmly established it as the gold standard of pulse measurement. In addition, a rarely touted feature of FROG is that it is a type of ultrafast BOXCAR integrator, gating only the pulse and not undesired cw backgrounds. Indeed, if your goal is to characterize a pulse, FROG is undoubtedly the right choice.However, if your aim is to characterize the interaction of a light pulse with something else, e.g., in a pump-probe experiment where you want to time-resolve the optical properties of a laser-excited material, then FROG (or any other self-gating technique) may actually be a poor choice. For example, imagine placing in a beam a I-cm thick piece of fused silica, which only negligibly distorts a 30-fs 800-nm pulse. As a result, the FROG trace of this pulse will be unaltered. However, relative to propagation in air, the pulse is delayed by some 15 ps in time and nearly 6000 wavelengths in phase! Because FROG doesn't measure the zeroth-and first-order spectral phase terms, it doesn't see these effects. Usually this is desirable, but occasionally it isn't. Spectral interferometry (SI) does see these terms, but SI signals are often obscured due to SI's inability to gate a weak signal out from a cw background. As we shall show in this chapter, one can combine the advantages of both FROG and SI by using what we call Multi-pulse Interferometric FROG, or MI-FROG. Before delving into the details of MI-FROG, let's first look at some of the available techniques for materials studies, namely the inter-related techniques of spectral blue-shifting [I], spectral interferometry (SI [2-4]), and FROG [5], and its variants TREEFROG [6] and TADPOLE [7]). Each of these has been successfully used to extract from spectral power density measurements details of ultrafast phase distortions. The first two of these techniques, being linearoptical effects, are powerful tools for measuring constant (or "DC") and slowly varying time-domain phase distortions with extremely high, milliradian, sensitivity. On the other hand, the optically nonlinear FROG accurately recovers only nonlinear variations in spectral phase of an optical pulse and is oblivious to DC and slowly varying terms. Thus FROG provides a complementary diagnostic, yielding only the higher-order phase distortions. One way to combine the advantages of FROG and SI, called TADPOLE [7] and discussed in the previous two chapters, utilizes the time-domain intensity and phase extracted from a standard FROG apparatus to fully deconvolve the frequency-domain

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Frequency-domain interferometer for measurement of the polarization mode dispersion in single-mode optical fibers

Cited by 42 publications

References 18 publications

Intermodal Dispersion and Polarization Mode Dispersion Measurements in Optical Fibers Using a Self-Modelocked Ti:Sapphire Laser

Intermodal Dispersion and Polarization Mode Dispersion Measurements in Optical Fibers Using a Self-Modelocked Ti:Sapphire Laser

Fiber-modes and fiber-anisotropy characterization using low-coherence interferometry

Multi-pulse Interferometric FROG

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