Frequency of Red Cell Alloimmunization and Autoimmunization in Thalassemia Patients: A Report from Eastern India

Datta, Suvro Sankha; Mukherjee, Somnath; Talukder, Biplabendu; Bhattacharya, Partha Pratim; Mukherjee, Krishnendu

doi:10.1155/2015/610931

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although there are some strategies to reduce the risk of RBC alloimmunization, it remains a serious challenge to find compatible RBC units for patients with thalassaemia [17]. The rates of Alloimmunization were reported from 4% to 50% in multitransfused patients and were lower in more homogenous populations [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red blood cell alloimmunization in Iranian beta‐thalassemia patients: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Darvishi

Azami

Sayehmiri

et al. 2016

ISBT Science Series

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Background and Objectives Red blood cell alloimmunization is associated with haemolytic reactions and severe clinical consequences. The rate of alloimmunization in multitransfused patients such as thalassaemia is high that is a major challenge. The present meta‐analysis study was conducted to determine the prevalence of alloimmunization in Iranian thalassaemia patients. Materials and Methods This study was conducted based on the computerized literature database. English and non‐English articles were searched from 1994 to 2015. Alloimmunization rates and 95% CI calculated by random‐effect model. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 11.2, and ArcGIS 10.3 was used for map construction. Results Eighteen papers from 297 studies involving 4677 patients met our inclusion criteria. The prevalence of alloimmunization in Iranian thalassaemia was 10%(CI 95%: 7–13). The most prevalent alloantibody was anti‐K (37%), followed by anti‐D (29%) and anti‐E (20%) in the country. Conclusion The prevalence of alloimmunization among Iranian thalassaemia has not been decreased from 1994 to 2013. In spite of detecting D antigen in pretransfusion test, the rate of anti‐D is high in our population. It shows the importance of more investigation on data on D variants. Although the rate of alloimmunization is low in Iran comparing to many other countries, there is a need to adopt some strategies to reduce alloimmunization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red blood cell alloimmunization in Iranian beta‐thalassemia patients: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Darvishi

Azami

Sayehmiri

et al. 2016

ISBT Science Series

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“…However in thalassemia, anti-K comprised major antibodies three of four, that is, 75% followed by anti-E which showed similar results with Roopam et al . [ 20 ] with 80% incidence of anti-K. Higher rate of anti-K alloantibodies could be explained on basis of higher number of Kell positive antigen in donor population of our belt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The specificity of most alloantibodies detected in this study was against Rh and Kell antigen systems due to their high immunogenicity which is similar to previous reports of alloimmunization. [ 15 20 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of red cell alloimmunization in multi transfused patients at a Tertiary care teaching hospital

Handa

Kukar

Maharishi³

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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Background: Red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization is an immune response against foreign RBC antigens; this generally occurs after sensitization due to multiple blood transfusions and pregnancies. Antibody detection plays a critical role in transfusion medicine as it can detect irregular or unexpected antibodies. This study was done to know the frequency and specificity of unexpected red cell antibodies in the multitransfused patients. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was done in the Department of Immuno-Haematology and Blood Transfusion. Antibody screening of 100 multitransfused patients with initial negative antibody screen was carried out prior to compatibility testing and followed for a period of 12 months for each transfusion. Depending on the results, patients were given corresponding antigen-negative blood units. Results: In this study, the rate of alloimmunization was 7%. Total number of samples that were positive for irregular alloantibodies were 4 of 54 cases of thalassemia, that is, 7.4%, whereas 3 of 40, that is, 7.5%, cases of solid malignancies developed alloantibodies. None of the patients of chronic kidney disease formed any alloantibody. Anti-K antibody was the most frequent antibody detected in 3 of 7, that is, 42.8% patients. Anti-E was the second most frequent antibody observed in 2 of 7, that is, 28.57%. However, anti-c and anti-M were detected in one each of 7, that is, in 14.28% each. Conclusion: It is concluded here that red cell alloimmunization should not be overlooked in multitransfused patients. To avoid the effects of alloimmunization, routine RBC antibody screening at set time intervals after transfusion should be performed.

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“…Patients can be heterozygous for the HbE and β-thalassemia alleles or homozygous for either the HbE or β-thalassemia allele [17]. Because the majority of these patients is transfusion-dependent and prone to alloimmunization [18,19], we detected red cell alloantibodies to blood group antigens in 5.6% of multiply transfused patients with β-thalassemia disease at our hospital in Kolkata [20]. Knowledge of the antigen prevalence allows us to predict the number of red cell units that need to be typed when searching for antigen-negative units.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

ABO, Rhesus, and Kell Antigens, Alleles, and Haplotypes in West Bengal, India

Basu

Datta

Montemayor

et al. 2017

Transfus Med Hemother

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Background: Few studies have documented the blood group antigens in the population of eastern India. Frequencies of some common alleles and haplotypes were unknown. We describe phenotype, allele, and haplotype frequencies in the state of West Bengal, India. Methods: We tested 1,528 blood donors at the Medical College Hospital, Kolkata. The common antigens of the ABO, Rhesus, and Kell blood group systems were determined by standard serologic methods in tubes. Allele and haplotype frequencies were calculated with an iterative method that yielded maximum-likelihood estimates under the assumption of a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Results: The prevalence of ABO antigens were B (34%), O (32%), A (25%), and AB (9%) with ABO allele frequencies for O = 0.567, A = 0.189, and B = 0.244. The D antigen (RH1) was observed in 96.6% of the blood donors with RH haplotype frequencies, such as for CDe = 0.688809, cde = 0.16983 and CdE = 0.000654. The K antigen (K1) was observed in 12 donors (0.79%) with KEL allele frequencies for K = 0.004 and k = 0.996. Conclusions: For the Bengali population living in the south of West Bengal, we established the frequencies of the major clinically relevant antigens in the ABO, Rhesus, and Kell blood group systems and derived estimates for the underlying ABO and KEL alleles and RH haplotypes. Such blood donor screening will improve the availability of compatible red cell units for transfusion. Our approach using widely available routine methods can readily be applied in other regions, where the sufficient supply of blood typed for the Rh and K antigens is lacking.

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Frequency of Red Cell Alloimmunization and Autoimmunization in Thalassemia Patients: A Report from Eastern India

Cited by 31 publications

References 33 publications

Red blood cell alloimmunization in Iranian beta‐thalassemia patients: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Red blood cell alloimmunization in Iranian beta‐thalassemia patients: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Analysis of red cell alloimmunization in multi transfused patients at a Tertiary care teaching hospital

ABO, Rhesus, and Kell Antigens, Alleles, and Haplotypes in West Bengal, India

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