Frequency of Right Ventricular Infarction in Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Background Ischemic heart disease, particularly inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI), is a significant issue in cardiac health. It can further add up to the morbidity and mortality when it is associated with right ventricular infarction (RVI). Elevated ST-segment elevations in the right chest lead number, three (V3R), and four (V4R), can be used to diagnose right ventricular infarction (RVI). The odds of RVI can be identified according to age groups, gender, and risk factors, including diabetes, hypertension, and smoking. This can help in the prevention of right ventricular infarct and its complications by controlling the risk factors which affect the outcome the most. Methods A sample of 1000 patients (n=1000) with acute IWMI was evaluated for the incidence of accompanying right ventricular infarct. These patients were then assessed for various known risk factors of myocardial infarction. Results Comparing the incidence of RVI against various risk factors, we found that there is an increased incidence of RVI in patients with risk factors that include hypertension and smoking. Conclusions The study suggests that IWMI can be accompanied by RVI in almost one-third of the cases, (36% in our study). The odds of RVI are highest in patients of hypertension, and the timely control of certain risk factors will result in reduced incidence and hence the complication associated with right ventricular infarction.

Frequency and in-Hospital Mortality of Right Ventricular Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction

“…A recent study in Karachi Pakistan by Hassam et al reported a 36% prevalence of RVI in the setting of acute IWM which is a similar finding to our study result 12 . while in another study it was reported as 30%, which was less than our study result and study finding by Hassam et al 13 .…”

Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Right Ventricular Infarction in Patients with Acute Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction at a Tertiary Care Hospital

“…The relative infrequency of right ventricular involvement is attributed to the right ventricle's lower susceptibility to ischemia, owing to its smaller muscle mass and continuous coronary perfusion in both systole and diastole. 14 In a study conducted by Samin A et al, the occurrence of RVI in patients with acute inferior wall myocardial infarction was reported to be 27%, consistent with our www.pakheartjournal.com findings. Importantly, no statistically significant associations were observed between the incidence of RVI and the patients' gender or age, emphasizing the multifactorial nature of the factors influencing this cardiac complication.…”

“…2,4,5,7,8 The reported occurrence of RVI in IWMI spans a range of 27% to 48.5% in the existing literature. For instance, Ravikeerthy M and colleagues, 12 observed a 40% incidence, Memon AG and team, 13 found that among 198 cases with IWMI, 48.5% had evidence of RVMI, and Ali H et al 14 identified right ventricular involvement in 32% of 16 cases with IWMI. Therefore, our findings align with existing evidence regarding the incidence of RVMI in IWMI.…”

Impact of Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Complete Atrioventricular Block With Acute Inferior ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

“…Several studies have shown that patients with inferior MI who are complicated by CAVB had an elevated risk of in-hospital events [ 10 , 11 ]. In one study, CAVB significantly influenced the outcome when associated with right ventricular infarction, leading to high mortality owing to cardiomyopathy [ 12 ].…”