From allergen sources to reduction of allergen exposure

Bessot, J.C.; Blay, F. De; Pauli, G.

doi:10.1183/09031936.94.07020392

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The major cat allergen, Fel d 1, is mainly found in the sebaceous glands of the skin, but also in the salivary glands [ 9]. Fel d 1 has an apparent molecular weight (MW) of about 35 kDa by HPLC gel filtration and 18 kDa in SDS‐PAGE, confirming that it is a non‐covalently linked dimer [ 10].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

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Airborne house dust particles and diesel exhaust particles as allergen carriers

Ormstad

Johansen

Gaarder

1998

Clin Experimental Allergy

101

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Dog allergens are mainly found in skin, but also in serum and saliva [ 9, 15]. The major allergen Can f 1, has been found to have a MW of 22 kDa in HPLC‐gel filtration and 25 kDa in SDS‐PAGE with an additional band at 18 kDa [ 16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Airborne house dust particles and diesel exhaust particles as allergen carriers

Ormstad

Johansen

Gaarder

1998

Clin Experimental Allergy

101

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“…Although very few pollen grains can reach the lower airways, these allergens may be born on submicronic particules [58] and are present in intracellular starch granules within pollen grains [59]. Pollen grains are ruptured in rainwater by osmotic shock, each grain releasing about 700 starch granules into the environment.…”

Section: Consequences Of the Activation Of Igementioning

confidence: 99%

The role of IgE in asthma

Yssel

Abbal

Pène

et al. 1998

Clin Experimental Allergy

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Asthma is a multifactorial and complex disease in which allergic factors and non-allergic triggers interact and result in bronchial obstruction and inflammation. Allergenic sensitization is important in the development of asthma and, although links between inhalant allergy and asthma have been known for many years, they have recently been re-emphasized. Indoor allergens are associated with asthma prevalence, severity and exacerbations whereas outdoor allergens such as pollens are associated with exacerbations. Moreover, there is a link between total IgE and asthma which appears to be independent of allergen sensitization. One of the typical aspects of airway inflammation of asthma is the infiltration of the airway wall by T helper type 2 (Th2) cells. These cells are attracted to inflammatory sites by adhesion molecules and chemokines among which CCR3 and CXCR4 receptors appear to be of importance. Differentiation of B cells into IgE-secreting plasma cells is a complex cascade of events in which cytokines play a crucial role. Both IL-4 and IL-13 are inducing IgE synthesis whereas IFN-gamma and IL-12 are blocking IgE synthesis. IgE production by B cells not only requires the presence of IL-4 or IL-13, but also a physical interaction between T and B cells, involving a number of surface and adhesion molecules such as CD40-CD40L and CD28/CD80. Production of TH2-cytokines is not restricted to T cells as basophils and mast cells can produce them indicating that these cells may be of importance in the synthesis of IgE.

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“…Several allergen avoidance programmes have been introduced in recent decades [12][13][14]. Besides the removal of allergen sources (domestic animals, old mattresses, old carpets) it has been shown that the introduction of smooth floor coverings (nontextile), low levels of indoor air humidity, increased air ventilation, and the application of allergen-impermeable mattress and pillow covers, are measures which can contribute to diminished exposure to HDM allergens, and which may be accompanied by improvement of clinical symptoms [15][16][17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergen reduction measures in houses of allergic asthmatic patients: effects of air-cleaners and allergen-impermeable mattress covers

Heide¹,

Kauffman²,

Dubois³

et al. 1997

Eur Respir J

100

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Recommendations for allergen avoidance or allergen reduction measures play an important part in the treatment of allergic asthmatic patients. The purpose of this study was to test recently developed air-cleaners with respect to their capacity to capture airborne allergen particles and to improve clinical parameters of asthmatic patients sensitized to aeroallergens.Forty five allergic asthmatic patients were studied in a double-blind procedure for 6 months. The patients were divided into three groups of 15 patients. In Group 1, the intervention consisted of the application of active air-cleaners in living-rooms and bedrooms. In Group 2, placebo air-cleaners were used in combination with allergen-impermeable mattress covers. In Group 3, the same intervention was performed as in Group 2 but with active air-cleaners. Allergen levels in mattress and floor dust were measured before, and 3 and 6 months after the interventions. After 6 months, the air-cleaners were dismantled and the filters were analysed for the amount of dust collected and allergen content. Immunological and lung function parameters were measured before, and 3 and 6 months after the interventions.Considerable amounts of airborne dust and allergenic particles were captured in the filters of the air-cleaners. Up to the 18.9 g of dust, 4,513 ng of house dust mite allergen, Der p 1, and 50,000 mU of cat allergen, Fel d 1, (in houses with cats) were collected by air-cleaners in living-rooms. Only in Group 3 (in which both active air-cleaners and mattress covers were used) was a small (less than 1 doubling dose) but statistically significant improvement of provocative concentration of histamine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (PC20) observed (from 5.96 to 9.02 mg·mL -1 ). The amount of dust and house dust mite allergen collected in the filters was significantly correlated with an improvement of peak flow variation.In combination with other allergen avoidance measures, the examined air-cleaners can contribute to diminished allergen exposure and improvement of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic patients.

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From allergen sources to reduction of allergen exposure

Cited by 15 publications

References 63 publications

Airborne house dust particles and diesel exhaust particles as allergen carriers

Airborne house dust particles and diesel exhaust particles as allergen carriers

The role of IgE in asthma

Allergen reduction measures in houses of allergic asthmatic patients: effects of air-cleaners and allergen-impermeable mattress covers

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