From appearance to essence: 10 years review of atypical amniotic fluid embolism

Shen, Fu‐Ming; Wang, Lu; Yang, Weiwen; Chen, Youguo

doi:10.1007/s00404-015-3785-z

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It may occur during pregnancy, medical procedures such as amniocentesis, induction of labour, vaginal delivery, cesarean section or postpartum [4,10]. The incidence of the disease is estimated at 1,9-8 per 100,000 pregnancies [4][5][6][7][8][10][11][12][13][14][15]. It is characterized by poor maternal outcome with high fatality rate ranged from 20% to 60%, depending on country's level of development and the timing of the data [8,10,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of the disease is estimated at 1,9-8 per 100,000 pregnancies [4][5][6][7][8][10][11][12][13][14][15]. It is characterized by poor maternal outcome with high fatality rate ranged from 20% to 60%, depending on country's level of development and the timing of the data [8,10,15]. Older data indicate a mortality reaching even about 90% [4,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, it is hypothesized that this occurs due to the abnormal activation of the mother's immune mechanisms after the fetal antigens enter maternal circulation. Altogether, the exact pathological mechanism is still not fully understood [5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Pulmonary Embolism by Amniotic Fluid – A Rare Complication of Perinatal Period That Should Not Be Forgotten

et al. 2021

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Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a diagnostically challenging type of pulmonary embolism that occurs when amniotic fluid enters maternal circulation during delivery or postpartum. This obstetric complication is very rare but characterized by high mortality rate. The main symptoms are dyspnea, cardiovascular collapse, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and even sudden cardiac death. The aim of the article is to draw attention to AFE as a rare but possible and catastrophic complication of perinatal period. The authors present a 28-year-old woman who was admitted to obstetric ward during the first stage of labour. The patient developed sudden deterioration of her medical state with acute respiratory distress symptoms. An emergency cesarean section was performed, complicated by excessive bleeding. After a detailed assessment of the patient’s condition and evaluation of the results of additional tests, we diagnosed AFE as the cause of the patient’s deterioration. Conclusions: The case study shows how unpredictable, unpreventable and dangerous is AFE. It is still one of the main causes of maternal deaths in developed countries. Four diagnostic criteria proposed by the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) may accelerate diagnosis. AFE as a medical emergency, requires immediate multidisciplinary response and aggressive treatment. The initial medical care may be facilitated by the application of the general guidelines recommended by SMFM. The case report also emphasizes the need for further research on this disease, in particular on early detection and prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Pulmonary Embolism by Amniotic Fluid – A Rare Complication of Perinatal Period That Should Not Be Forgotten

et al. 2021

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“…Because AFE may present atypical behaviour [3,[7][8][9], it is possible that some authors suspected AFE despite the fact that the case is not typical. Therefore, we looked for typical cases of AFE based on the clinical triad of signs [10]: cardiac arrest/cardiovascular collapse, respiratory failure (dyspnea, cyanosis, severe desaturation), coagulopathy (both overt and non-overt disseminated intravascular coagulopathy).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for fatality in amniotic fluid embolism: a systematic review and analysis of a data pool

Indraccolo

Battistoni

Mastrantonio

et al. 2017

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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“…Similarly, labor and uterine tetanus contractions should be treated with appropriate treatment, while the use of oxytocin should be done with great caution [54]. Also, the care for the early recognition of the precursor symptoms and signs of amniotic fluid embolism by health professionals seems to be crucial.Reports from the patient, such as shortness of breath, chest pain, cold, anxiety, panic, nausea and vomiting, should in any case be taken seriously and evaluated accurately in order to achieveearly diagnosis of the disease and the most effective treatment [55,1].…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amniotic fluid embolism: A rare and destructive obstetric complication

Thanasa¹,

Thanasa²,

Gerokostas³

et al. 2022

Magna Sci. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Amniotic fluid embolism is a rare, unpredictable and often catastrophic obstetric complication that usually occurs during labor or caesarean section. The pathogenetic mechanism has not been fully elucidated to date. Amniotic fluid embolism is believed to happen due to an anaphylactic reaction to embryonic antigens that enter the mother's circulation and trigger a variety of immune processes that produce an anaphylactic-like response. The diagnosis remains clinical. The disease manifests abruptly with cardiovascular shock, encephalopathy, fetal discomfort and disseminated intravascular coagulation. There is no special treatment. The treatment is supportive and focuses on rapid stabilization of the cardiopulmonary system, adequate oxygenation of the vital organs and correction of coagulation, ensuring the best possible perinatal outcome. In this article, based on current data, a literature review of this rare obstetric complication is attempted, particularly with regard to diagnosis and the basic treatment principles, the timely and correct application of which can provide the best possible outcome for the mother and the newborn.

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From appearance to essence: 10 years review of atypical amniotic fluid embolism

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Acute Pulmonary Embolism by Amniotic Fluid – A Rare Complication of Perinatal Period That Should Not Be Forgotten

Acute Pulmonary Embolism by Amniotic Fluid – A Rare Complication of Perinatal Period That Should Not Be Forgotten

Risk factors for fatality in amniotic fluid embolism: a systematic review and analysis of a data pool

Amniotic fluid embolism: A rare and destructive obstetric complication

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