From climate regime shifts to lower-trophic level phenology: Synthesis of recent progress in retrospective studies of the western North Pacific

Chiba, Sanae; Aita, Maki Noguchi; Tadokoro, K.; Saino, Toshiro; Sugisaki, Hiroya; Nakata, Kazuyoshi

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2008.03.004

Cited by 94 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Recently, Chiba et al (2008) found a dramatic change in vertical distribution of chemical properties occurring in the EJS during the last 50-60 yr, which indicate a shift in the ventilation system. In the surface layer, changes in seawater temperature, precipitation, strength of thermal fronts, volume transport by the Tsushima Current and the mixed layer depth suggest a climatic regime shift that occurred in 1976/1977 (Chiba et al, 2008).…”

Section: J H Kwak Et Al: Monthly Measured Primary and New Productimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the surface layer, changes in seawater temperature, precipitation, strength of thermal fronts, volume transport by the Tsushima Current and the mixed layer depth suggest a climatic regime shift that occurred in 1976/1977 (Chiba et al, 2008). In fact, Kang et al (2003) reported that the sea surface temperature (SST) in winter and spring steadily increased in the southern region of the EJS.…”

Section: J H Kwak Et Al: Monthly Measured Primary and New Productimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the EJS, there are different types of subpolar fronts in the surface layer between warm and cold water masses. The location of the front formation, which is usually found around 36-42 • N, 130-140 • E around the UB, varies according to seasonal and interannual ocean conditions (Chiba et al, 2008). The role of the front in structuring the biogeography of EJS has been clearly shown in temperature, fluorescence, and primary productivity (Ashjian et al, 2006).…”

Section: J H Kwak Et Al: Monthly Measured Primary and New Productimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological "hot spot" in the East/Japan Sea

Kwak

Lee²,

Park

et al. 2013

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. The Ulleung Basin (UB), located in the southwestern part of the East/Japan Sea (EJS), is considered having an unusually high productivity for a deep basin. Recently changes have been reported in physical, chemical, and biological properties. Here we measured the primary and new productivities in the UB using a 13C-15N dual isotope tracer technique. Measurements took place every month for the first time throughout a year for a better estimate of the annual primary production in the EJS. Temporal variations of temperature, salinity, and density (σt) in the study area were highly seasonal as expected for an ocean in the temperate zone. Nutrient distributions reflected these seasonal fluctuations in the vertical structure of the water column. Diatoms were in general the most dominant phytoplankton ranging from 15.5 to 82.2% with an average of 42.0% (S.D. = ±9.9%). Based on those average daily productivities from our monthly measurements, the annual primary, new, and regenerated production in the UB were 273.0 g C m−2 yr−1, 62.6 g N m−2 yr−1, and 48.7 g N m−2 yr−1, respectively. Our estimated high f ratio (0.59) in the UB, indicated that the predominant nitrogen source for primary production was nitrate. This is comparable with the nitrogen source in a productive coastal-upwelling region. New carbon production by phytoplankton is estimated as 145.6 g C m−2 yr−1 (S.D. = ±40.8 g C m−2 yr−1) which indicates that a large portion (53.9%) of the total annual primary production might potentially be exported from the diatom-dominated euphotic zone to a deeper zone in the UB. Further intense integrated field observations will be necessary to improve our understanding of the current marine ecosystem in the UB as an important biological production area in the EJS.

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Section: J H Kwak Et Al: Monthly Measured Primary and New Productimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: J H Kwak Et Al: Monthly Measured Primary and New Productimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: J H Kwak Et Al: Monthly Measured Primary and New Productimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological "hot spot" in the East/Japan Sea

Kwak

Lee²,

Park

et al. 2013

Biogeosciences

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“…It is well established that the spring bloom marks the beginning of zooplankton production in temperate marine systems (Longhurst, 1995). Spring phytoplankton dynamics can affect both the build-up of copepod spring biomass (Chiba and Saino, 2003;Kiorboe and Nielsen, 1994;Tommasi et al, 2013b), as well as zooplankton species composition (Chiba et al, 2008;Tommasi et al, 2013a). Differences in zooplankton community structure may be linked to differential dependencies of specific zooplankton taxa on spring bloom phenology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spring bloom dynamics and zooplankton biomass response on the US Northeast Continental Shelf

Friedland

Leaf

Kane

et al. 2015

Continental Shelf Research

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a b s t r a c tThe spring phytoplankton bloom on the US Northeast Continental Shelf is a feature of the ecosystem production cycle that varies annually in timing, spatial extent, and magnitude. To quantify this variability, we analyzed remotely-sensed ocean color data at two spatial scales, one based on ecologically defined sub-units of the ecosystem (production units) and the other on a regular grid (0.5°). Five units were defined: Gulf of Maine East and West, Georges Bank, and Middle Atlantic Bight North and South. The units averaged 47 Â 10 3 km 2 in size. The initiation and termination of the spring bloom were determined using change-point analysis with constraints on what was identified as a bloom based on climatological bloom patterns. A discrete spring bloom was detected in most years over much of the western Gulf of Maine production unit. However, bloom frequency declined in the eastern Gulf of Maine and transitioned to frequencies as low as 50% along the southern flank of the Georges Bank production unit. Detectable spring blooms were episodic in the Middle Atlantic Bight production units. In the western Gulf of Maine, bloom duration was inversely related to bloom start day; thus, early blooms tended to be longer lasting and larger magnitude blooms. We view this as a phenological mismatch between bloom timing and the "top-down" grazing pressure that terminates a bloom. Estimates of secondary production were available from plankton surveys that provided spring indices of zooplankton biovolume. Winter chlorophyll biomass had little effect on spring zooplankton biovolume, whereas spring chlorophyll biomass had mixed effects on biovolume. There was evidence of a "bottom up" response seen on Georges Bank where spring zooplankton biovolume was positively correlated with the concentration of chlorophyll. However, in the western Gulf of Maine, biovolume was uncorrelated with chlorophyll concentration, but was positively correlated with bloom start and negatively correlated with magnitude. This observation is consistent with both a "top-down" mechanism of control of the bloom and a "bottom-up" effect of bloom timing on zooplankton grazing. Our inability to form a consistent model of these relationships across adjacent systems underscores the need for further research.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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“…Regime shifts have been observed in many oceans and seas like the North Pacific (Chiba et al 2008;Hare and Mantua 2000), the Atlantic (Beaugrand 2004a), the Baltic (Hakanson and Lindgren 2008), the North Sea (Edwards et al 2002;McQuatters-Gollop et al 2007;Weijerman et al 2005), as well as in many lakes (Scheffer et al 2001). These regime shifts are often driven by changes in large-scale weather patterns like the Pacific decadal oscillation or the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Phytoplankton Biomass in the Western Scheldt Estuary During the Period 1978–2006

Kromkamp

Engeland

2009

Estuaries and Coasts

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We investigated whether climate change results in long-term changes in phytoplankton biomass and phenology in a turbid eutrophic coastal plain estuary. Changes in annual mean chlorophyll a (chla) concentrations were studied for the period 1978-2006 in the eutrophic and turbid macro-tidal Western Scheldt estuary. Three stations were investigated: WS1, at the mouth of the estuary; station WS6, halfway up the estuary; and station WS11, near the Dutch-Belgian border near the upstream end of the estuary. No significant long-term changes in yearly averaged chla concentrations were observed in WS1 and WS6, but in WS11 the phytoplankton biomass decreased considerably. This is most likely due to an increase in grazing pressure as a result of an improvement in the dissolved oxygen concentrations. Spectral analyses revealed a possible periodicity of 7 years in the mean chla which was related to periodicity in river discharge. We also observed strong phenological responses in the timing of the spring/summer bloom which were related to a welldocumented increase in the temperature in the estuary. The fulcrum, the center of gravity or the day at which 50% of the cumulative chla was reached during the year, advanced by 1-2 days/year. A similar trend was observed for the month in which the maximum bloom was observed, with the exception of station WS1. All stations showed an earlier initiation of the bloom, whereas the day at which the phytoplankton bloom was terminated also moved forward in time excepted for WS11. As a result, the bloom length decreased at station WS1, remained the same at station WS6, and increased at WS11. This complicated pattern in bloom phenology demonstrates the complex nature of ecosystem functioning in estuaries.

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From climate regime shifts to lower-trophic level phenology: Synthesis of recent progress in retrospective studies of the western North Pacific

Cited by 94 publications

References 63 publications

Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological "hot spot" in the East/Japan Sea

Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological "hot spot" in the East/Japan Sea

Spring bloom dynamics and zooplankton biomass response on the US Northeast Continental Shelf

Changes in Phytoplankton Biomass in the Western Scheldt Estuary During the Period 1978–2006

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From climate regime shifts to lower-trophic level phenology: Synthesis of recent progress in retrospective studies of the western North Pacific

Cited by 94 publications

References 63 publications

Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological &quot;hot spot&quot; in the East/Japan Sea

Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological &quot;hot spot&quot; in the East/Japan Sea

Spring bloom dynamics and zooplankton biomass response on the US Northeast Continental Shelf

Changes in Phytoplankton Biomass in the Western Scheldt Estuary During the Period 1978–2006

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Product

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Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological "hot spot" in the East/Japan Sea

Monthly measured primary and new productivities in the Ulleung Basin as a biological "hot spot" in the East/Japan Sea