From collisional to rifted basins: an example from the southern Calabrian arc (Italy)

Monaco, Carmelo; Tortorici, L.; Nicolich, R.; Cernobori, L.; Costa, Mario

doi:10.1016/s0040-1951(96)00192-8

Cited by 123 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Discrepancies in the fault data reported by di¡erent authors (see e.g. [16,36] for northeastern Sicily; and [18,39] for southern Calabria) do not in£uence the conclusions of the present study. of northeastern Sicily [36].…”

Section: Geodynamic Features Of the Study Areacontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…1b). Slab detachment beneath the Calabrian Arc in recent times has been suggested by several investigators ( [18] ; among others) to explain the uplift of the arc in the last 1^0.7 Myr. Negredo et al [27] used neotectonic and GPS data of the Italian region as reference data to elaborate a three-dimensional (3D) ¢nite element modelling of the regional geodynamics : in this model the slab is not detached yet and the recent uplift of the Apenninic chain is interpreted as a result of the joint action of southeastward rollback of the Ionian slab and north^south Africa^Europe convergence.…”

Section: Geodynamic Features Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 83%

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Seismic strain and seismogenic stress regimes in the crust of the southern Tyrrhenian region

Neri

Barberi

Orecchio

et al. 2003

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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An investigation has been performed to identify and characterize the seismic deformation zones active over the last decades in the region of Italy that has experienced the strongest seismicity during the last centuries. The study is based on the estimate of hypocenter locations, fault plane solutions, seismogenic stress and seismic strain tensor orientations carried out using the entire dataset of the national and local seismic networks, and the recently improved threedimensional (3D) crustal velocity model of the study area. A series of simulation tests have been performed to evaluate the significance of the earthquake space distribution obtained and whether it was influenced by network geometry problems related to the sea and the lack of ocean bottom seismometers. In the sectors where hypocentral location was synthetically proved to be reliable, space distributions of earthquakes located with epicenter and focal depth errors less than 3 and 4 km, respectively, have been compared with local geology in order to identify seismogenic faults. The dataset of 32 fault plane solutions estimated with fault parameter errors less than 20 ‡ has been used to investigate space variations of seismogenic stress and seismic strain orientations over the study area. Stress was found to be uniform in the Messina Strait and southern Calabria where inversion of the available set of 11 fault plane solutions showed clear evidence of an extensional regime. The different orientations of the minimum compressive stress and strain found in this sector, together with the information available on local geology and tectonics, lead us to propose that the seismicity occurring over the last decades in the Messina Strait and southern Calabria was not in general produced at the main faults, but at minor faults activated by the main tectonic stress field acting in the area. To the west, in the sector including western Etna, the Nebrodi chain and the western Aeolian Islands, analysis of the available set of 16 fault plane solutions revealed a certain degree of stress heterogeneity with an apparent prevalence of north^south compression. This east to west change of stress^strain regimes is evaluated in the light of current hypotheses regarding the geodynamics of the study region. ß

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Section: Geodynamic Features Of the Study Areacontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Geodynamic Features Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 83%

Seismic strain and seismogenic stress regimes in the crust of the southern Tyrrhenian region

Neri

Barberi

Orecchio

et al. 2003

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…For the Apennines we considered two seismic lines for the northern part [Pieri, 1983] and two geological cross sections for the central part of the belt [Bally et al, 1986]; for the southern sector, we used a seismic section crossing the offshore Calabrian arc and a geological section crossing Sicily [Bello et al, 2000] (Figure 4). TWT sections were depth converted using the Bangs et al [1990] seismic velocity model (for the Barbados seismic lines 465, 480 and 484) and Catalano et al [2000] and Monaco et al [1996] velocity models for the Calabrian arc profile.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Décollement depth versus accretionary prism dimension in the Apennines and the Barbados

et al. 2003

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Along representative cross sections of the Apennines and the Northern Barbados accretionary prisms, we measured the area, the décollement depth, the angle α of the upper envelope and the angle β of the dip of the regional monocline. The continental sections of the Apennines accretionary prism have a deeper décollement than the oceanic sections of the Northern Barbados, 6–10 km depth and <1 km depth, respectively, because the sediment pile is thinner on the incoming Barbados plate and its denser oceanic structure is more easily subducted. Considering the frontal 50 km, the Apennines have an average cross‐sectional area of 500 km2 and the Northern Barbados Ridge of 100 km2. The total area is a function of the depth of the décollement plane. Therefore, at a given amount of subduction, the deeper the décollement depth is, the bigger the area of the wedge will result, assuming negligible compaction and erosion. As a consequence, the larger area/volume and higher elevation of the Apennines with respect to the Barbados is determined by the Apenninic deeper décollement. Despite these differences, the geometry of both décollements is, in some cases, comparable, in particular, close to the boundary between the crystalline crust and the sediment pile, where the main density and strength contrasts are concentrated. Variations in depth of the décollement occur moving along strike in both accretionary prisms. The geometry of the prisms is further controlled by the different values of α and β, their sum, and the distance of the accretionary prism relative to the subduction hinge.

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“…Tsunami information can be used to better define the possible source (Tinti and Piatanesi, 1996a), as was also shown for other cases, where comparison between the available tsunami data and tsunami simulations was used to constrain the focal mechanism as well as to exclude some of the fault locations proposed in literature (see e.g. Piatanesi et al, 1996;Tinti and Piatanesi, 1996b).…”

Section: The 1783-1785 Calabrian Seismic Sequencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Structural analysis and seismological and deformation (VLBI and GPS) data show a regional extensional ESE-WNW trend which is coupled with a strong 1.5-2 mm/yr uplift of the whole Calabrian arc region (Monaco et al, 1996;Tortorici et al, 2003;D'Agostino and Selvaggi, 2004;Jenny et al, 2006). One of the main tectonic features is the belt of normal faults running for more than 350 km along the Apennines chain and extending from Calabria to Sicily, which is formed by distinct fault segments with maximum length of about 40-50 km that are responsible for the major earthquakes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A revision of the 1783–1784 Calabrian (southern Italy) tsunamis

Graziani

Maramai

Tinti

2006

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Southern Italy is one of the most tsunamigenic areas in the Mediterranean basin, having experienced during centuries a large number of tsunamis, some of which very destructive. In particular, the most exposed zone here is the Messina Straits separating the coasts of Calabria and Sicily that was the theatre of the strongest Italian events. In 1783–1785 Calabria was shaken by the most violent and persistent seismic crisis occurred in the last 2000 years. Five very strong earthquakes, followed by tsunamis, occurred in a short interval of time (February–March 1783), causing destruction and a lot of victims in a vast region embracing the whole southern Calabria and the Messina area, Sicily. In this study we re-examined these events by taking into account all available historical sources. In particular, we focussed on the 5 and 6 February 1783 tsunamis, that were the most destructive. As regards the 5 February event, we found that it was underestimated and erroneously considered a minor event. On the contrary, the analysis of the sources revealed that in some localities the tsunami effects were quite strong. The 6 February tsunami, the strongest one of the sequence, was due to a huge earthquake-induced rockfall and killed more than 1500 people in the Calabrian village of Scilla. For this event the inundated area and the runup values distribution were estimated. Further, the analysis of the historical sources allowed us to find three new tsunamis that passed previously unnoticed and that occurred during this seismic period. The first one occurred a few hours before the large earthquake of 5 February 1783. The second was generated by a rockfall on 24 March 1783. Finally, the third occurred on 9 January 1784, probably due to a submarine earthquake.

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From collisional to rifted basins: an example from the southern Calabrian arc (Italy)

Cited by 123 publications

References 24 publications

Seismic strain and seismogenic stress regimes in the crust of the southern Tyrrhenian region

Seismic strain and seismogenic stress regimes in the crust of the southern Tyrrhenian region

Décollement depth versus accretionary prism dimension in the Apennines and the Barbados

A revision of the 1783–1784 Calabrian (southern Italy) tsunamis

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