From Insufflation to Intubation

The Evolution of the Polyvinyl Chloride Endotracheal Tube

“…Within a decade of Magill's paper, specialised rubber ETTs were being commercially manufactured and inhalational anaesthesia had almost entirely replaced the use of insufflation 5 for major maxillofacial surgery. Throughout the Second World War, ETTs were used 'without exception' 6 in patients repatriated to specialised maxillofacial hospitals in the United Kingdom.…”

Stylets and Introducers

“…In the aftermath of World War I, Stanley Rowbotham and Ivan Magill pioneered the two tube method of nasotracheal insufflation anaesthesia 6 . If the pliable rubber catheters utilised proved difficult to advance through the nasal passages, they recommended the use of a 'stout wire' 7 to stiffen them.…”