From Invisible Structures of SWCNTs toward Fluorescent and Targeting Architectures for Cell Imaging

Abstract

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are unique nanostructures used as cargo systems for variety of diagnostic and therapeutic agents. For taking advantage of these structures in biological processes, they should be visible. Therefore, fluorescence labeling of SWCNTs with various probes is a significant issue. Herein, we demonstrate a simple approach for cell specific imaging and diagnosis by combining SWCNTs with a copolymer poly(para-phenylene) (PPP) containing polystyrene (PSt) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) side chains (PPP-g-PSt-PCL). In this approach PPP-g-PSt-PCL is noncovalently attached on carboxyl functional SWCNTs. The obtained fluorescent probe is bound to folic acid (FA) for targeted imaging of folate receptor (FR) positive HeLa cells. In vitro studies demonstrate that this conjugate can specifically bind to HeLa cells and indicate great potential for targeting and imaging studies.

Phyto-Niosomes:In VitroAssessment of the Novel Nanovesicles Containing Marigold Extract

“…Dose dependent cytotoxic effect of C. officinalis extracts, niosomes and phyto-niosomes were determined via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays [37]. Cells were seeded out in 96-well-tissue plates in a volume of 200 µL and cultivated three days at 37 ºC, 5.0% CO 2 and 100% air humidity until reaching confluence.…”

Improving Cytotoxicity by Changing a Linker from Diphenylether to Diphenylmethane and now to Phenylene in Binuclear Dithiocarbamate Complexes: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Study

“…The relevance of amide group in glycine amide derivatives as novel Vascular Adhesion Protein‐1 inhibitors have also been reported by Yamaki et al . Moreover, reports on phenylene derivatives showing therapeutic effects include chalcogen functionalized phenylene derivative 1,4‐phenylene bis(methylene) selenocyanate (p‐XSC) and poly(p‐phenylene) that are indeed widely used for various biological applications through enhanced interaction with the target sites …”

Recent advances in bioactive 1D and 2D carbon nanomaterials for biomedical applications

“…Ag et al, for example, noncovalently functionalized SWCNTs with a fluorescent copolymer, poly(para-phenylene), with polystyrene and PCL side chains to obtain fluorescent SWCNT probes. 190 They then conjugated folic acid to target the HeLa cells in culture (Figure 8). In addition, Hu et al demonstrated that SWCNTs functionalized with a fluorescent naphthalenediimide moiety show good solvability in both organic and aqueous solvents, are biocompatible, and can be functionalized further through secondary reactions.…”

“…Schematic representation of conjugation process and cell specific imaging. Reprinted (adapted) with permission from American Chemical Society 190. Copyright (2013).…”