From Lab to Clinic: The Potential of Nanobubble Ozone Stored in Liposome with Pantothenic Acid (NOSLIP) in Treating Vaginal Infections with Long-lasting Effectiveness

Abstract

Every year, 5-10 million women apply to various centers for sexually transmitted diseases due to infectious vaginitis (1). The three most notable causes of infectious vaginitis are bacterial vaginosis (BV), trichomoniasis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). BV and VVC, which are endogenous genital infections, are the agents most responsible for the etiology of vaginal discharge (2). The most common symptoms of infectious vaginitis are vaginal discharge, itching, and a burning sensation. However, some cases are asymptomatic and are untreated (3). Group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae; GBS) are gram-positive encapsulated bacteria that can colonize the intestinal and vaginal flora in 10-30% of healthy adults (4). Streptococcus agalactiae causes serious infections such as meningitis, sepsis, skin and soft tissue infections, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and postpartum endometritis in newborns, pregnant women and adults with underlying diseases (4-6). Ozone is a highly reactive form of oxygen composed of three oxygen atoms. It is generated through the interaction of UV light and high-pressure diatomic oxygen. Ozone is widely acknowledged for its potent antibacterial properties due to its strong oxidative nature. Ozone therapy has garnered growing interest in recent years and is widely recognized for its beneficial impact on infection, reperfusion injury, cancer, and dental caries (7-8). At present, ozone therapy is an emerging approach in the clinical management of vaginitis. The medical ozone therapy device utilizes an ozone generator to produce a specific concentration of ozone, which is subsequently combined with filtered tap water to create ozonated water. Ozone and reactive chemicals exist in a liquid state and have a significant impact on vaginal sterilization (9).