From Pawn to Knights: The Changing Role of Women’s Agency in Terrorism?

Bloom, Mia; Lokmanoglu, Ayse

doi:10.1080/1057610x.2020.1759263

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Committed romantic relationships present an important stage for male and female teenagers transiting into adulthood, with radicalised beliefs potentially creating further opportunities for mutual bonding and identity formation. This draws attention to the active role women play in the radicalisation process (Bloom & Lokmanoglu, 2020;Neve et al, 2020), and how they can act as an important mechanism of social control and bonding (key criminological concepts) to create greater devotion to the extremist cause. This is something that is central to the jihadist recruitment tactic, which sees females as important to sustaining the extremist movement and motivating devolution and commitment amongst radicalised males (Bakker et al, 2015;Bloom & Lokmanoglu, 2020;Brugh et al, 2019;Neve et al, 2020;Phelan, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding youth radicalisation: an analysis of Australian data

Cherney

Belton

Norham

et al. 2020

Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression

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Studies on youth radicalisation are few, even though it has been identified as an increasing problem. This paper aims to contribute insights on youth radicalisation by examining data from 33 cases of Australians, aged 19 and below, who have been identified as radicalising to violent extremism. It draws on a subset of data from the Profiles of Individual Radicalisation in Australia (PIRA) dataset. This is an open-source dataset that replicates variables from the Profiles of Individual Radicalisation in the United States (PIRUS) dataset. The PIRA dataset is outlined and we undertake a descriptive and exploratory analysis of selective key variables identified in the terrorism and criminology literature. Analysis shows that radicalisation amongst our sample of youth is associated with poor educational achievement, mental health problems, active engagement with online social media, exposure to other radicalised networks and associates, personal grievances and triggering events. The data both confirm and diverge from the existing literature. The paper, in particular, considers the role of social bond attachments and networks in the youth radicalisation problem. Limitations in the study design and sample size are acknowledged and implications for the prevention of youth radicalisation are considered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding youth radicalisation: an analysis of Australian data

Cherney

Belton

Norham

et al. 2020

Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression

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“…Agensi perempuan dalam organisasi ekstremis kekerasan, dan reaksi terhadap situasi ini memperluas pertanyaan mengenai peran gender yang diasumsikan. Memahami sejauh mana agensi perempuan dalam organisasi ekstremis yang kejam ini sangat penting dalam memahami masa depan ekstremisme (Bloom & Lokmanoglu, 2020).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Semenjak kemunculan ISIS banyak penelitian yang menemukan bahwa peran perempuan dalam jaringan terorisme Islam yang berkembang secara signifikan, perempuan mulai mengambil peran yang lebih aktif termasuk menjadi penggalang dana, perekrut, penyebar ideologis, dukungan logistik dan pelaku teror bom bunuh diri (Bloom & Lokmanoglu, 2020;Bryson, 2018;Galehan, 2019). Adanya stereotip berbasis gender di masyarakat yang membentuk pola pikir bahwa perempuan tidak mampu bertindak sedemikian rupa seperti laki-laki dan bertindak seperti laki-laki.…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Salience identity of women in terrorism

Kurnia

Sukabdi

2021

equality

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Recently the involvement of women in terrorism has increased through their various roles, from facilitators, recruiters, nurses, couriers to suicide bombers and frontline fighters in acts of terrorism. Even though jihad limit the involvement of women in action, the rising of ISIS in 2014 has increased their involvement in terrorism as jihadists. Women are given various passive and active roles such as being the perpetrators of suicide bombers. Violent behavior by women is said to be a deviation because of gender stereotypes that exist in society and shift the view that women are victims. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study to describe the identity and role that women have in terrorism. Furthermore, this study used a theoretical analysis of Sheldon Stryker's Identity Theory (1980) with the salience identity to find out how to counter women involvement in terrorism in profiling practice to decide the methods to hadling it. The results of the study showed that the salience identity of women is still not considered as the main character in terrorism so that women are often considered as victims.The involvement of women in the role is marked by the roles they carry that affect their social behavior according to the role they play as terrorists. There are various identities of women that will have an impact on policies to deal with terrorism aimed at women, they must look at the roles and identities they have in accordance with the proportions of their salience identities.

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“…pondering the role of women in organizations such as al-Qaeda, hamas, and al-Shabbah, several scholars have argued that while traditionally women in islamist extremist organizations -due to the dominant traditional gender norms in jihadist ideology and conservative societies -were limited to supporting roles (such as propaganda, recruitment, raising families and marrying strategically to form alliances), women are now increasingly taking on operational roles in the planning and execution of attacks, including as suicide bombers, although women's participation in suicide mission varies based on the group (Bloom & lokmanoglu, 2020;Byrd & decker, 2008;de leede, 2018;lahoud, 2014;Speckhard & almohammad, 2017). for example, Chechen groups adopted the practice of using women as bombers from the beginning, whereas palestinians and iraqi islamist extremist organizations abstained from using female bombers until it presented a clear advantage (Speckhard & almohammad, 2017).…”

Section: Women and Extremismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hatred She Wrote: A Comparative Topic Analysis of Extreme Right and Islamic State Women-Only Forums

Lokmanoglu¹,

Veilleux-Lepage²

2020

Sociology of Crime, Law and Deviance

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purpose -In order to explore how gender and sexual politics are played out in everyday practice within both the extreme right and jihadi-Salafist movements online, this chapter analyzes the content of two women's only forums: The Women's Forum on Stormfront.org and Women Dawah, a Turkish language pro-IS group chat on Telegram.methodology -The Women's Forum and the Women Dawah data sets were analyzed using structural topic modeling to uncover the differences and similarities in salient topics between White Nationalist and Islamic State women-only forums.findings -The cross-ideological and multi-linguistic thematic analysis suggests that the safety of online spaces enables women to be more active, and serves digital support network for like-minding individuals. It also highlights that religion and ideology, whilst interwoven throughout posts on both platforms, they were more explicitly discussed within Women Dawah data. originality/value -This research uses a unique data set which was collected over one year to conduct a cross-ideological and multi-linguistic thematic analysis, a relatively uncommon approach.

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From Pawn to Knights: The Changing Role of Women’s Agency in Terrorism?

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Understanding youth radicalisation: an analysis of Australian data

Understanding youth radicalisation: an analysis of Australian data

Salience identity of women in terrorism

Hatred She Wrote: A Comparative Topic Analysis of Extreme Right and Islamic State Women-Only Forums

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