Fuc-S—A New Ultrasonic Degraded Sulfated α-l-Fucooligosaccharide—Alleviates DSS-Inflicted Colitis through Reshaping Gut Microbiota and Modulating Host–Microbe Tryptophan Metabolism

Abstract

Scope: The dysbiosis of intestinal microecology plays an important pathogenic role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease. Methods and Results: A polysaccharide named Fuc-S, with a molecular weight of 156 kDa, was prepared by the ultrasonic degradation of fucoidan. Monosaccharide composition, FTIR, methylation, and NMR spectral analysis indicated that Fuc-S may have a backbone consisting of →3)-α-L-Fucp-(1→, →4)-α-L-Fucp-(1→ and →3, 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→. Moreover, male C57BL/6 mice were fed three cycles of 1.8% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 5 days and then water for 7 days to induce colitis. The longitudinal microbiome alterations were evaluated using 16S amplicon sequencing. In vivo assays showed that Fuc-S significantly improved clinical manifestations, colon shortening, colon injury, and colonic inflammatory cell infiltration associated with DSS-induced chronic colitis in mice. Further studies revealed that these beneficial effects were associated with the inhibition of Akt, p-38, ERK, and JNK phosphorylation in the colon tissues, regulating the structure and abundance of the gut microbiota, and modulating the host–microbe tryptophan metabolism of the mice with chronic colitis. Conclusion: Our data confirmed the presence of glucose in the backbone of fucoidan and provided useful information that Fuc-S can be applied as an effective functional food and pharmaceutical candidate for IBD treatment.

Picroside III Ameliorates Colitis in Mice: A Study Based on Colon Transcriptome and Fecal 16S Amplicon Profiling

“…Regulating the homeostasis of gut microbiota is a pivotal mechanism of plant‐based remedies to exert their therapeutic effects [13] . We also investigated the impact of Pic on the gut microbiota of mice subjected to DSS treatment.…”

“…Gene expression levels were quantified using fragments per kilobase of transcript per million fragments mapped (FPKM). The analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functional annotations of DEGs was carried out following established procedures as reported previously [13] …”

“…Regulating the homeostasis of gut microbiota is a pivotal mechanism of plant-based remedies to exert their therapeutic effects. [13] We also investigated the impact of Pic on the gut microbiota of mice subjected to DSS treatment. As illustrated in the Venn diagram (Figure 5A), a total of 425 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified across all samples.…”

“…The analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and functional annotations of DEGs was carried out following established procedures as reported previously. [13]…”

Kombucha polysaccharide alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice by modulating the gut microbiota and remodeling metabolism pathways

“…Metabolic disorders occur in patients with IBD, and metabolites show promise for the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of IBD (Williams et al, 2009;Martin et al, 2016;Bjerrum et al, 2021). Multiple drugs inhibit intestinal inflammatory responses by remodeling tryptophan metabolism and bile acid metabolism Xiao et al, 2022;Yan et al, 2023). KP intervention was able to significantly increase the abundance of metabolites such as Ganoderic Acid A, Ganoderic acid beta, Indole-3-carboxyaldehyde, Indole-3-propionic acid and Sulfanilamide.…”