Full vectorial BPM modeling of Index-Guiding Photonic Crystal Fibers and Couplers

Abstract

A 3D full-vectorial Beam Propagation Method is successfully applied to compute both the propagation constants and the modal profiles in high-contrast silica-air index-guiding Photonic Crystal Fibers. The approach is intrinsically suited to investigate longitudinally varying structures or propagation and polarization effects, which are of practical interest for advanced optical applications. As an example we model a dual-core coupler, showing that efficient polarization preserving coupling can be expected.

Numerical modeling of photonic crystal fibers

“…Recently, published models utilize other direct numerical analysis techniques such as BPM [22]- [24], FDM [25], FDTD [26]- [28], BEM [29], [30], and FEM [31]- [54].…”

“…In the FFT-BPM, however, a weakly guiding structure is assumed, so the polarization effect cannot be taken into account. Recently, the full-vector BPM based on the FEM (FE-BPM) [35] or the FDM (FD-BPM) [24] has been applied to compute the propagation constants and the modal profiles in high-contrast PCFs. The FE-BPM has been effectively applied to investigating the problem of leakage due to finite number of arrays of air holes in PCFs [35].…”

“…So far, various modeling methods in which not only a full-vector model but also an approximatescalar model is used have been developed such as effective index approach [5], [8], plane-wave expansion (PWE) method [9]- [12], localized-function method [13]- [16], multipole method (MM) [17]- [21], beam propagation method (BPM) [22]- [24], finite-difference method (FDM) [25], finitedifference time-domain method (FDTD) [26]- [28], boundary element method (BEM) [29], [30], and finite-element method (FEM) [31]- [54]. An approximate-scalar model is a valuable tool for aiding fabrication efforts because it is easy to use and provides good qualitative information.…”

Bending Analysis of a Dual-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber

“…It is worthy to note that besides the one-core PCF, multi-core PCFs including dual-core PCFs (DC-PCFs) have also been proposed for special applications. DC-PCFs have been designed for coupling inside PCFs [57][58][59][60], which can be used to achieve compact PCF couplers. Koshiba's group has proposed a wavelength MUX-DEMUX based on a DC-PCF [61], a polarization splitter based on a three-core PCF [62], a narrow band-pass filter [63] and a 1 × 4 power splitter [64] based on multi-core PCFs.…”

Refractive Index Sensing in an All-Solid Twin-Core Photonic Bandgap Fiber

“…Couplers in microstructured fibers have been well studied [23]- [32], and arrays of waveguides coupled by the analyte have been shown to be capable of providing enhanced sensitivity for refractive index sensing [33], [34]. In this work, we demonstrate the potential of such structures for realizing simple and sensitive biosensors in the context of a twin-core photonic bandgap guiding MOF.…”