Fully roll-to-roll gravure printed electronics: challenges and the way to integrating logic gates

Abstract

Printed electronics have been considered to bring about the ICT (Information Communication Technology) revolution. The high-throughput production of the ultra-low-cost printed devices along with the level of integration of logic gates via an all roll-to-roll (R2R) printing method has been the major axes in the revolution. However, there have been certain concerns related to the integration of logic gates via the R2R printing methods. This review paper focuses on the key issues that must be resolved to maintain a uniform threshold voltage (V th) value, which can otherwise impede the commercial viability of such devices. Amongst the various factors contributing to the ΔV th value, the ink rheology, web handling, and the disparity in alignment amongst the drain-source electrodes and the gate electrodes due to the limitations of an overlay printing registration accuracy (OPRA) were reviewed to effectively control the variations during the R2R printing process, without including the material’s intrinsic instability factors. Accordingly, a unique design rule for the R2R printing foundry concept was introduced for manufacturing the devices with the available integration level of the logic gates, incorporating the printing parameters including ink rheology, ink transfer, web handling, and OPRA.

Gravure printing with a shear-rate-dependent ink

“…Gravure printing is a high-quality and high-speed printing method that uses metal cylinders with mechanically engraved cells to transfer ink to a substrate, which is applicable to a long list of applications (Kapur et al 2011;Grau et al 2016;Huang & Zhu 2019;Tiara et al 2022). It is characterized by high production speed and volume.…”

High‐Throughput Indirect Gravure Printing Applied to Low‐Temperature Metallization of Silicon‐Based High‐Efficiency Solar Cells

“…In addition to graphical applications, gravure printing as a roll‐to‐roll variant is used in the field of flexible electronics, too. [ 13 ] It offers high‐throughput and high‐resolution application of functional media, primarily on flexible substrates. [ 14 ] Silver‐nanoparticle‐based inks, for example, were investigated for printing of thin‐film transistors and line widths down to 30 μm were reached on plastic substrates.…”