Function of nodal cilia in left-right determination: Mechanical regulation in initiation of symmetry breaking

Katoh, Takanobu A.

doi:10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v21.0018

BIOPHYSICS

2024

DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v21.0018

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Function of nodal cilia in left-right determination: Mechanical regulation in initiation of symmetry breaking

Takanobu A. Katoh

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

References 37 publications

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Overview of the super-resolution and advanced microscopy imaging session at the 21st IUPAB and the 62nd Biophysics Society of Japan joint congress

Katoh,

Hinde

2024

Biophys Rev

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Overview of the super-resolution and advanced microscopy imaging session at the 21st IUPAB and the 62nd Biophysics Society of Japan joint congress

Katoh,

Hinde

2024

Biophys Rev

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Breaking Left–Right Symmetry by the Interplay of Planar Cell Polarity, Calcium Signaling and Cilia

Shi

2024

Cells

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The formation of the embryonic left–right axis is a fundamental process in animals, which subsequently conditions both the shape and the correct positioning of internal organs. During vertebrate early development, a transient structure, known as the left–right organizer, breaks the bilateral symmetry in a manner that is critically dependent on the activity of motile and immotile cilia or asymmetric cell migration. Extensive studies have partially elucidated the molecular pathways that initiate left–right asymmetric patterning and morphogenesis. Wnt/planar cell polarity signaling plays an important role in the biased orientation and rotational motion of motile cilia. The leftward fluid flow generated in the cavity of the left–right organizer is sensed by immotile cilia through complex mechanisms to trigger left-sided calcium signaling and lateralized gene expression pattern. Disrupted asymmetric positioning or impaired structure and function of cilia leads to randomized left–right axis determination, which is closely linked to laterality defects, particularly congenital heart disease. Despite of the formidable progress made in deciphering the critical contribution of cilia to establishing the left–right asymmetry, a strong challenge remains to understand how cilia generate and sense fluid flow to differentially activate gene expression across the left–right axis. This review analyzes mechanisms underlying the asymmetric morphogenesis and function of the left–right organizer in left–right axis formation. It also aims to identify important questions that are open for future investigations.

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Function of nodal cilia in left-right determination: Mechanical regulation in initiation of symmetry breaking

Cited by 2 publications

References 37 publications

Overview of the super-resolution and advanced microscopy imaging session at the 21st IUPAB and the 62nd Biophysics Society of Japan joint congress

Overview of the super-resolution and advanced microscopy imaging session at the 21st IUPAB and the 62nd Biophysics Society of Japan joint congress

Breaking Left–Right Symmetry by the Interplay of Planar Cell Polarity, Calcium Signaling and Cilia

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