Function-Reconfigurable Water Short Backfire Antenna

Ren, Zhen; Qi, Shi‐Shan; Wu, Wen; Shen, Zhongxiang

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3036844

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Since the development of first water-filled antenna, a number of different types of antennas have been developed with pure water. Although most of the pure water based antennas are dielectric resonator antennas, other types of antennas are also realized using pure water, including dense dielectric patch antenna using either metallic ground plane [37] or water based ground plane [35], short backfire antenna [38] and horn antenna [39]. Since the development of first water antenna, remarkable advancements can be witnessed in this highly demanding field.…”

Section: Pure Water Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advancements, Challenges, and Prospects of Water-Filled Antennas

et al. 2023

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In the group of liquid antennas, water antennas have attracted tremendous popularity due to the excellent electrical and mechanical properties of water. Pure water is a high permittivity dielectric liquid which comprises high dielectric constant and very low electrical conductivity. While the electrical conductivity of pure water is very low, salt-water has good electrical conductivity. The electrical conductivity of salt-water can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of salt content (salinity) in the water solution. Both pure water and salt water has excellent optical transparency, liquidity, flexibility and easy availability, thus, become excellent candidates in antenna manufacturing. Pure water is utilized as the dielectric component of the antenna and generally used in the development of dielectric resonator antennas, whereas salt-water is used as the conductive part of the antenna replacing metallic conductors. Some antennas have also utilized both the pure water and salt water for improved performance. In the literature, different classes of antennas can be found that have been developed by utilizing water. In this review paper, we have highlighted the state-of-the-art designs of water-filled antennas, highlighted the major challenges towards the development of water-filled antennas and presented the novel applications and prospects of water-filled antennas.

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Section: Pure Water Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A reconfigurable short backfire antenna realized by pure water was demonstrated in [38]. By controlling the water flow in different layers of a cylindrical wave guide made with transparent resin, the antenna was tunable between two different functions.…”

Section: Reconfigurable Water Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements, Challenges, and Prospects of Water-Filled Antennas

et al. 2023

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“…[1][2][3][4] The radiation patterns of the antenna were dynamically reconstructed by changing the position of water. [5][6][7][8] In Reference 9, the circular polarization (CP) of the antenna was switched by changing the water flow of the two spiral arms. In Reference 10, the polarization reconfigurability was realized by loading four water cylinders with different heights at the four corners of the square microstrip patch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water dense dielectric patch antenna with wide‐band and circular polarization reconfigurability

Chu

Chang

2021

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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A wide-band circularly polarized reconfigurable antenna based on a pure water dielectric patch antenna is proposed. By changing the shape of pure water in the plexiglass container symmetrically, the circularly polarized states of the antenna can be switched. And the available bandwidth of right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization remain unchanged. The interface between pure water and air with a great difference in relative dielectric constant is equivalent to an electrical wall. When feed with an L-shaped metallic probe, the axial ratio of a wide band can be formed, and the impedance bandwidth of antenna can be fully utilized. Under the two circularly polarized states of the antenna, the measured results show that the 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth is above 24.4% for jS 11 j < À10 dB, the radiation efficiency is concentrated at 58%-71%, and the maximum gain reaches 3.5 dBi.

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“…Among them, water takes the advantages of low cost and easy availability on comparing with other liquid materials such as oil and alcohol. Different water, such as pure water and saline water, have been used to design many kinds of water antennas [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polarisation reconfigurable antenna can then be obtained. In [16], a short backfire antenna was shown. This antenna uses water layers instead of all reflectors and sidewalls of traditional short backfire antennas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband pattern‐reconfigurable water loop antenna, pattern‐reconfigurable water loop antenna

Ren

2021

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

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A novel loop antenna is proposed here. This antenna uses an annular arm made of pure water to take the place of the metallic loop of a typical loop antenna. The water arm is enclosed by a resin loop tube. The arm has circular cross section to excite a travelling wave of the axially symmetric mode and propagates along the loop. To change the volumes of water in the tube, the proposed antenna may work in different states. When the tube is fully filled, the proposed water antenna works as a loop antenna. When the tube is partly filled, it looks like and also works as a water dipole antenna, which indicates pattern reconfigurability. Measured results show that the proposed water loop antenna achieves a broadband. The impedance bandwidth (|S 11 | < −10 dB) of the antenna is from 0.9 to 2.3 GHz (87.5%) for the loop state and from 0.8 to 2.1 GHz (89.7%) for the dipole state. Maximum gain of 4.7 dBi for the loop mode and 1.7 dBi for the dipole mode are obtained. The proposed water loop antenna shows the advantages of pattern reconfigurability, good radiation performances, high transparency and low cost, which may be used in maritime communication.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Function-Reconfigurable Water Short Backfire Antenna

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Advancements, Challenges, and Prospects of Water-Filled Antennas

Advancements, Challenges, and Prospects of Water-Filled Antennas

Water dense dielectric patch antenna with wide‐band and circular polarization reconfigurability

Broadband pattern‐reconfigurable water loop antenna, pattern‐reconfigurable water loop antenna

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