Functional assessment of peripheral nerve recovery in the rat: Gait kinematics

Varejão, Artur S.P.; Cabrita, António; Patrício, J.; Bulas‐Cruz, José; Gabriel, Ronaldo; Melo‐Pinto, Pedro; Couto, Pedro; Meek, Marcel F.

doi:10.1002/micr.21803

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Também validaram o método das pinças, demonstrando sua confiabilidade e reprodutibilidade. Varejão et al 16 , que também produziram lesões nervosas em experimentos em animais, usaram pinças estandardizadas para produção de axoniotmese, preconizando a utilização de pinça padronizada para minimizar a variabilidade das lesões produzidas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Os resultados de Albertini et al 13 mostraram que a resposta inflamatória pode ser normalizada ou reduzida pelo efeito fotoquímico da irradiação laser. Tavares et al 16 também demonstraram a ação antiinflamatória da laserterapia. No entanto, os autores avaliaram outra estrutura, o tendão.…”

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“…Neste estudo não foi observada diferença significante entre os diferentes grupos com relação . Por outro lado, Tavares et al 16 não encontraram diferença significativa quanto à presença de fibroblastos entre grupos submetidos ou não à ação do laser.…”

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“…Assim, os resultados apresentados sugerem que o laser de baixa potência facilita a regeneração nervosa periférica após lesão de nervo periférico de ratos 9,17,25 , fundamentando a utilização do laser para acelerar processos cicatriciais, em estudos experimentais e na prática clínica 16 .…”

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Efeitos da aplicação do laser de baixa potência na regeneração do nervo isquiático de ratos

et al. 2010

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RESUMO: Os nervos periféricos sofrem constantes lesões de origem traumática, o que resulta em perdas funcionais. A terapia com laser de baixa potência vem sendo utilizada para minimizar os efeitos maléficos da inflamação e acelerar o processo de cicatrização dos tecidos lesados. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar o efeito da irradiação do laser 830 nm no comportamento do nervo isquiático de ratos submetido a esmagamento. Foram utilizados 20 ratos, todos tendo tido o nervo isquiático esmagado, divididos em 4 grupos (n=5): P7 e P14, tratamento placebo por 7 e 14 dias; L7 e L14, tratamento por laser (dosagem de 4 J/cm²) por 7 e 14 dias. Os animais dos grupos P7 e P14 foram submetidos aos mesmos procedimentos, mas com o laser desligado. Os parâmetros analisados foram presença de infiltrado inflamatório e fibroblastos, destruição da bainha de mielina e degeneração axonal. Na análise estatística foi observada diferença estatística com relação a três parâmetros: os animais do grupo L14 apresentaram maior quantidade de fibroblastos (p=0,0001), menor degeneração da bainha de mielina (p=0,007) e menor quantidade de infiltrado inflamatório (p=0,001). A aplicação do laser de baixa potência contribuiu para a redução do processo inflamatório decorrente da lesão do nervo isquiático de ratos. DESCRITORES: Nervo ciático; Regeneração nervosa; Síndromes de compressão nervosa/reabilitação; Terapia a laser de baixa intensidade ABSTRACT: Peripheral nerves are commonly subject to traumatic injuries, leading to functional loss. Low-power laser therapy has been used in order to minimize harmful effects of inflammation and to accelerate healing of injured tissues. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of 830 nm-laser irradiation on rat sciatic nerves submitted to crush. Twenty male Wistar rats had their sciatic nerve crushed and were divided into 4 groups (n=5): Sham7 and Sham14, placebo-treated for 7 and 14 days; L7 and L14, laser-treated (at 4 J/cm²) for 7 and 14 days. Sham group animals were submitted to the same procedures, but with the laser turned off. Assessed parameters were inflammatory infiltrates, fibroblasts, myelin sheath destruction, and axonal degeneration. The statistical analysis showed significant differences in three parameters: L14 animals showed more fibroblasts (p=0.0001), lesser myelin sheath degeneration (p=0.007), and lesser inflammatory infiltrates (p=0.001). Low-power laser therapy hence contributed to reduce the inflammatory process due to rat sciatic nerve injury.

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Efeitos da aplicação do laser de baixa potência na regeneração do nervo isquiático de ratos

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“…The filming was based on other studies 13,14 with some modifications. Footprints by the new proposed filming method with controlled gait speed.…”

Section: Functional Gait Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Esteira com velocidade controlada para captação da marcha

et al. 2010

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Histological and electrophysiological methods for evaluation of peripheral nerve regeneration do not faithfully reproduce the functional index of limbs, even in controlled experimental conditions. Some methods of functional evaluation have been proposed, but their correlation to histological and electrophysiological data is not completely established, requiring more investigations with improvement of collection, management and processing of obtained data. In this study we developed a treadmill with controlled speed for recording footprint of rats submitted to different kinds of sciatic, fibular and tibial nerve lesions. The footprints were obtained on a walking track by means of a webcam connected to the treadmill and a computer with capacity to record the gait that will be submitted to functional evaluation. The developed treadmill allows the collection and filming of gaits and it has been tested in current experimental studies in rats with sciatic nerve lesion submitted to different kinds of treatment. The treadmill also enables researchers to record gait with constant, controlled and pre-established speed, with the possibility of direct visualization through the treadmill wall. In this manner, some variables that could damage the results of the research are resolved.

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Mechano- and metabosensitive alterations after injection of botulinum toxin into gastrocnemius muscle

Caron

Rouzi

Grélot

et al. 2014

Journal of Neuroscience Research

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This study was designed to investigate effects of motor denervation by Clostridium botulinum toxin serotype A (BoNT/A) on the afferent activity of fibers originating from the gastrocnemius muscle of rats. Animals were randomized in two groups, 1) untreated animals acting as control and 2) treated animals in which the toxin was injected in the left muscle. Locomotor activity was evaluated once per day during 12 days with a test based on footprint measurements of walking rats (sciatic functional index). At the end of the functional assessment period, electrophysiological tests were used to measure muscle properties, metabosensitive afferent fiber responses to chemical (KCl and lactic acid) injections, electrically induced fatigue (EIF), and mechanosensitive responses to tendon vibrations. Additionally, ventilatory response was recorded during repetitive muscle contractions. Then, rats were sacrificed, and the BoNT/A-injected muscles were weighed. Twelve days postinjection we observed a complete motor denervation associated with a significant muscle atrophy and loss of force to direct muscle stimulation. In the BoNT/A group, the metabosensitive responses to KCl injections were unaltered. However, we observed alterations in responses to EIF and to 1 mM of lactic acid (which induces the greatest activation). The ventilatory adjustments during repetitive muscle activation were abolished, and the mechanosensitive fiber responses to tendon vibrations were reduced. These results indicate that BoNT/A alters the sensorimotor loop and may induce insufficient motor and physiological adjustments in patients in whom a motor denervation with BoNT/A was performed.

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Functional assessment of peripheral nerve recovery in the rat: Gait kinematics

Cited by 49 publications

References 66 publications

Efeitos da aplicação do laser de baixa potência na regeneração do nervo isquiático de ratos

Efeitos da aplicação do laser de baixa potência na regeneração do nervo isquiático de ratos

Esteira com velocidade controlada para captação da marcha

Mechano- and metabosensitive alterations after injection of botulinum toxin into gastrocnemius muscle

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