Functional characterisation of a TLR accessory protein, UNC93B1, in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Lee, Po‐Tsang; Zou, Jun; Holland, Jeremy; Martín, Samuel; Scott, Callum; Kanellos, Theo; Secombes, Christopher J.

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2014.12.014

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Therefore, we found it convincing that the predictions of atypical SLCs containing 12 TMS were accurate. This was in accordance with previous publications describing the structure of some atypical SLCs based on other topology prediction tools [ 27 , 29 , 30 ] or homology models [ 19 , 26 ]. As the predictions for MFSD13A, SPNS3 and CLN3 did not support our hypothesis, we built homology models to verify their predicted structures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Characteristics of 29 novel atypical solute carriers of major facilitator superfamily type: evolutionary conservation, predicted structure and neuronal co-expression

et al. 2017

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Solute carriers (SLCs) are vital as they are responsible for a major part of the molecular transport over lipid bilayers. At present, there are 430 identified SLCs, of which 28 are called atypical SLCs of major facilitator superfamily (MFS) type. These are MFSD1, 2A, 2B, 3, 4A, 4B, 5, 6, 6 L, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13A, 14A and 14B; SV2A, SV2B and SV2C; SVOP and SVOPL; SPNS1, SPNS2 and SPNS3; and UNC93A and UNC93B1. We studied their fundamental properties, and we also included CLN3, an atypical SLC not yet belonging to any protein family (Pfam) clan, because its involvement in the same neuronal degenerative disorders as MFSD8. With phylogenetic analyses and bioinformatic sequence comparisons, the proteins were divided into 15 families, denoted atypical MFS transporter families (AMTF1-15). Hidden Markov models were used to identify orthologues from human to Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans. Topology predictions revealed 12 transmembrane segments (for all except CLN3), corresponding to the common MFS structure. With single-cell RNA sequencing and in situ proximity ligation assay on brain cells, co-expressions of several atypical SLCs were identified. Finally, the transcription levels of all genes were analysed in the hypothalamic N25/2 cell line after complete amino acid starvation, showing altered expression levels for several atypical SLCs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Since the atypical SLCs are MFS proteins, it is likely that they all are constituted of the common 12 TMS polypeptides [ 17 ], which has been predicted for some (e.g. MFSD1 [ 19 ], MFSD2A [ 26 ], MFSD8 [ 27 , 28 ], SVOP [ 29 ] and UNC93B1 [ 30 ]), while CLN3 only has six predicted TMSs [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of 29 novel atypical solute carriers of major facilitator superfamily type: evolutionary conservation, predicted structure and neuronal co-expression

et al. 2017

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“…Unc93B1 is a chaperone that appears to be important for the trafficking of endosomal TLRs (TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, and TLR11-13) within the mammalian cell (Gay et al, 2014). The gene has been identified in Atlantic salmon and zebrafish, and is thought to have a role in fish TLR signalling (Yeh et al, 2013, Lee et al, 2015. Most of the downstream molecules involved in TLR signalling have also been identified in fish and the pathways seem to be conserved.…”

Section: Tlrs In Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of TLR agonists and viral infection on cytokine and TLR expression in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Arnemo

Kavaliauskis

Gjøen

2014

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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The development of efficient and cheap vaccines against several aquatic viruses is necessary for a sustainable fish farming industry. Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands have already been used as good adjuvants in human vaccines. With more understanding of TLR expression, function, and ligand specificity in fish, more efficient adjuvants for fish viral vaccines can be developed. In this paper, we examine all known TLRs in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and demonstrate that head kidney and spleen are the main organs expressing TLRs in salmon. We also show that adherent head kidney leucocytes from salmon are able to respond to many of the known agonists for human TLRs, and that viral infection can induce up-regulation of several TLRs. These findings substantiate these receptors' role in immune responses to pathogens in salmonids making their ligands attractive as vaccine adjuvant candidates.

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“…For example, a study that assessed viability and cell proliferation in two fish cell lines showed significant differences in EC50 values for phenolic compounds (phenol and 2.4-dinitrophenol) [20]. The present study evaluated the sensibility against D. geminata of the fish cell lines SHK-1 and CHSE-214, as a model for various physiological effects in aquaculture (Atlantic salmon and Chinook salmon) [21,22]. Water contaminated with the microalgae from an artificial river system, and a polyphenol extract derived from the microalgae were used to assess cell viability and proliferation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water contaminated with Didymosphenia geminata alters fish cell line viability

Olivares

Peredo-Parada²,

Chávez³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Didymosphenia geminata (D. geminata) in Chilean rivers is a complex roblem. Its biology and effects on ecosystems is still being studied, at the moment not research has focused on its D. geminata effects at the cellular level. We developed an artificial river system to maintain D. geminata study material and evaluate effects of water contaminated with this diatom on the viability of two fish cell lines. Results indicate that CHSE-214 cells are sensitive to increasing D. geminata extract concentrations, reducing crop viability by 50% when exposed for 24 hours at a 0.01V/V dilution and reducing proliferative capacity by 70% on a 5 day temporal curve. SHK-1 cells showed lower sensitivity, presenting a decrease of 20% in viability at 24 hours, and a lower cell proliferation rate by day 5, but higher than of the CHSE-214 cells. Both lines were affected by exposure to D. geminate extracts, but CHSE-214 lines were more sensitive to polyphenols extracted from the microalgae. We conclude that certain cell types are sensitive to D. geminata in rivers, meaning that chronic effects on aquatic species contaminated with this diatom should be observed. Effects of this plague at a cellular level can be further studied to understand its full impact on river ecosystems. AbstractDidymosphenia geminata (D. geminata) in Chilean rivers is a complex problem. Its biology and effects on ecosystems is still being studied, at the moment not research has focused on its D. geminata effects at the cellular level. We developed an artificial river system to maintain D. geminata study material and evaluate effects of water contaminated with this diatom on the viability of two fish cell lines. Results indicate that CHSE-214 cells are sensitive to increasing D. geminata extract concentrations, reducing crop viability by 50% when exposed for 24 hours at a 0.01V/V dilution and reducing proliferative capacity by 70% on a 5 day temporal curve. SHK-1 cells showed lower sensitivity, presenting a decrease of 20% in viability at 24 hours, and a lower cell proliferation rate by day 5, but higher than of the CHSE-214 cells. Both lines were affected by exposure to D. geminata extracts, but CHSE-214 lines were more sensitive to polyphenols extracted from the microalgae. We conclude that certain cell types are sensitive to D. geminata in rivers, meaning that chronic effects on aquatic species contaminated with this diatom should be observed. Effects of this plague at a cellular level can be further studied to understand its full impact on river ecosystems.

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Functional characterisation of a TLR accessory protein, UNC93B1, in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Characteristics of 29 novel atypical solute carriers of major facilitator superfamily type: evolutionary conservation, predicted structure and neuronal co-expression

Characteristics of 29 novel atypical solute carriers of major facilitator superfamily type: evolutionary conservation, predicted structure and neuronal co-expression

Effects of TLR agonists and viral infection on cytokine and TLR expression in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Water contaminated with Didymosphenia geminata alters fish cell line viability

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