Functional connectivity in an fMRI working memory task in high-functioning autism

Koshino, Hideya; Carpenter, Patricia A.; Minshew, Nancy J.; Cherkassky, Vladimir L.; Keller, Timothy A.; Just, Marcel Adam

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.028

Cited by 543 publications

(489 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Nonetheless, timeseries correlation analysis has been utilized in studies of normal cognitive and emotional states (Greicius et al, 2003;Bartels and Zeki, 2005;Fox et al, 2005;Menon and Levitin, 2005), disease states (Lowe et al, 2002;Anand et al, 2005;Koshino et al, 2005;), and pharmacological interventions (Li et al, 2000;Honey et al, 2003;Peltier et al, 2005). Our study contributes to a rapidly growing body of knowledge regarding normal and abnormal functional neural circuitry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several specific approaches have been implemented (Horwitz, 2003), and their relative merits have not been established. The timeseries correlation method (Biswal et al, 1995;Lowe et al, 1998) examines interregional correlations within individual subjects over the timecourse of an experiment, and has been effectively applied to measure functional connectivity across a wide range of cognitive and physiological states (Li et al, 2000;Lowe et al, 2002;Greicius et al, 2003;Honey et al, 2003;Anand et al, 2005;Bartels and Zeki, 2005;Fox et al, 2005;Koshino et al, 2005;Menon and Levitin, 2005;Peltier et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations of fronto-temporal connectivity during word encoding in schizophrenia

Wolf

Gur

Valdez

et al. 2007

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

107

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Cognitive deficits, including impaired verbal memory, are prominent in schizophrenia and lead to increased disability. Functional neuroimaging of patients with schizophrenia performing memory tasks has revealed abnormal activation patterns in prefrontal cortex and temporo-limbic regions. Aberrant fronto-temporal interactions thus represent a potential pathophysiological mechanism underlying verbal memory deficits, yet this hypothesis of disturbed connectivity is not tested directly with standard activation studies. We performed within-subject correlations of frontal and temporal timeseries to measure functional connectivity during verbal encoding. Our results confirm earlier findings of aberrant fronto-temporal connectivity in schizophrenia, and extend them by identifying distinct alterations within dorsal and ventral prefrontal cortex. Relative to healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia had reduced connectivity between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and temporal lobe areas including parahippocampus and superior temporal gyrus. In contrast, patients showed increased connectivity between a region of ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and these same temporal lobe regions. Higher temporal-DLPFC connectivity during encoding was associated with better subsequent recognition accuracy in controls, but not patients. Temporal-VLPFC connectivity was uncorrelated with recognition accuracy in either group. The results suggest that reduced temporal-DLPFC connectivity in schizophrenia could underlie encoding deficits, and increased temporal-VLPFC connectivity may represent an ineffective compensatory effort.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of fronto-temporal connectivity during word encoding in schizophrenia

Wolf

Gur

Valdez

et al. 2007

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Belmonte et al, 2004;Brock et al, 2002;Rippon et al, in press). The only direct evidence for this suggestion to date stems from functional imaging studies involving tasks assessing sentence comprehension (Just et al, 2004), executive function (Just et al, in press), working memory (Koshino, Carpenter, Minshew, Cherkassky, Keller & Just, 2005) and mental state attribution (Castelli et al, 2002), all of which concluded that intra-cortical connectivity is atypical in ASD. Although, Ben Shalom (2000) has suggested that poor connectivity between the amygdala and cortical areas may constitute a source for the emotional processing atypicalities in ASD, to the best of our knowledge, our study constitutes the first behavioural evidence to directly support this view.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential fear conditioning in Asperger's syndrome: Implications for an amygdala theory of autism

Gaigg

Bowler

2007

Neuropsychologia

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Since the first descriptions of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), abnormalities in socio-emotional behaviours have been described as amongst the most characteristic clinical features of this condition. Current evidence in this area suggests that individuals with ASD experience difficulties in the perception and expression of emotions within the social domain. The causes for these emotional difficulties are, however, still poorly understood. At the developmental level, it is unclear whether emotional disturbances constitute a primary feature of the clinical presentation of ASD or whether they are secondary to abnormalities in other areas of cognition. At the neurobiological level, it is still debated to what extent abnormalities of the limbic system, in particular the amygdala, may be responsible for the emotional disturbances characterising ASD. Here we show that a group of individuals with Asperger's syndrome exhibit a pattern of abnormality in differentially acquiring fear, which suggests that their fear responses are atypically modulated by conditioned and non-conditioned stimuli. On the basis of these results and the existing literature we suggest that ASD may be characterised by atypicalities in the integration of physiological and cognitive aspects of emotional experiences which we argue arise because of poor connectivity between the amygdala and functionally associated cortical areas.Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder; cortico-amygdala connectivity; emotional processes; psychophysiological reactivity.Abbreviations: ASD = autism spectrum disorder; CS = conditioned stimulus; UCS = unconditioned stimulus; CR = conditioned response; UCR = unconditioned response; SCR = skin conductance response.

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“…Two sample t-tests were computed for each of the 216 ROI pairs (54 pairs for each of the three inference types and the combination of inference types). The test was one-tailed with a P < 0.05, based on the expectations that individuals with autism show lower functional connectivity than controls (Castelli et al, 2002;Just et al, 2004Just et al, , 2007Kana et al, 2006;Koshino et al, 2005). In a secondary network level analysis, several functional networks were created by combining ROIs that were thought to be working together as part of a network.…”

Section: Fmri Analyses-functional Connectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of Mind disruption and recruitment of the right hemisphere during narrative comprehension in autism

et al. 2008

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The intersection of Theory of Mind (ToM) processing and complex narrative comprehension in high functioning autism was examined by comparing cortical activation during the reading of passages that required inferences based on either intentions, emotional states, or physical causality. Right hemisphere activation was substantially greater for all sentences in the autism group than in a matched control group suggesting decreased LH capacity in autism resulting in a spillover of processing to RH homologs. Moreover, the ToM network was disrupted. The autism group showed similar activation for all inference types in the right temporo-parietal component of the ToM network whereas the control participants selectively activated this network only when appropriate. The autism group had lower functional connectivity within the ToM network and also between the ToM and a left hemisphere language network. Furthermore, the within-network functional connectivity in autism was correlated with the size of the anterior portion of the corpus callosum.

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Functional connectivity in an fMRI working memory task in high-functioning autism

Cited by 543 publications

References 62 publications

Alterations of fronto-temporal connectivity during word encoding in schizophrenia

Alterations of fronto-temporal connectivity during word encoding in schizophrenia

Differential fear conditioning in Asperger's syndrome: Implications for an amygdala theory of autism

Theory of Mind disruption and recruitment of the right hemisphere during narrative comprehension in autism

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