Functional dedifferentiation and reduced task-related deactivations underlie the age-related decline of prospective memory

Gonneaud, Julie; Lecouvey, Grégory; Groussard, Mathilde; Gaubert, Malo; Landeau, Brigitte; Mézenge, Florence; Sayette, Vincent de La; Eustache, Francis; Desgranges, Béatrice; Rauchs, Géraldine

doi:10.1007/s11682-016-9661-z

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, a more recent study demonstrated that smaller hippocampus size is significantly associated with lower performance in episodic memory, working memory, processing speed, and executive function tasks 102 . Similarly to motor function, it has been shown that older adults recruit additional brain regions during memory tasks [103][104][105] .…”

Section: Modification Of Brain Functions During Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 PUFA metabolism and brain modifications during aging

Chappus-McCendie

Chevalier

Roberge

et al. 2019

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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In Canada, 5.5 million (16% of Canadians) adults are >65 years old and projections suggest this number will be approximately 20% of Canadians by 2024. A major concern regarding old age is a decline in health, especially if this entails a loss of self-sufficiency and independence caused by a decline in cognition. The brain contains 60% of fat and is one of the most concentrated organs in long chain omega-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). During aging, there are physiological modifications in the metabolism of lipids that could also have consequences on brain structure and levels of DHA. This review will hence discuss the physiological modifications in the metabolism of lipids during aging with a focus on long chain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and also outline the structural and functional modifications of the brain during aging including brain lipid modifications and its relation to higher levels of DHA and cognition. Therefore, in this review, we outline the importance of collecting more data on the biology of aging since it might highly improve our understanding about what are «normal» modifications occurring during aging and what can become pathological.

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Section: Modification Of Brain Functions During Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 PUFA metabolism and brain modifications during aging

Chappus-McCendie

Chevalier

Roberge

et al. 2019

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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“…Here we provide evidence for such dedifferentiation in women the absence of sex differences or deficits in episodic memory performance. Performance-independent dedifferentiation has also been revealed in healthy older adults during prospective memory tasks (Gonneaud et al, 2017). Dedifferentiation can therefore occur independently of performance changes, and may instead reflect a fundamental neurocognitive shift in approach to cognitive tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sex Differences Inmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dedifferentiation of memory-related brain function as a potential early biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease in asymptomatic older women: Results from the PREVENT-AD Cohort

Rabipour

Rajagopal

Pasvanis

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately affects women compared to men. Episodic memory decline is one of the earliest and most pronounced deficits observed in AD. However, it remains unclear whether there are sex differences in episodic memory-related brain function in cognitively intact older adults at risk of developing AD. In the current study, we used task fMRI to test for sex differences in episodic memory-related brain activity and brain activity-behavior correlations in cognitively intact older adults with a family history of AD from the PREVENT-AD cohort study in Montreal, Canada (Mage=63.03 ± 3.78; Meducation=15.41 ± 3.40). Importantly, we tested women and men who were matched in age, body mass index, years of education, and proximity to the age of parental AD onset. We used data-driven task-based multivariate partial least squares (PLS) analysis to identify sex differences in brain activity during the successful encoding and retrieval of objects and their associated spatial context. We used behavior PLS to examine sex differences in the correlations between brain activity and memory performance at encoding and retrieval. Our results suggested no significant sex differences in behavioral performance on the memory task. Yet, we observed sex differences in task-related brain activity and in brain activity-behavior correlations during the encoding of object-location associative memories and object-only item memory, and the retrieval of object only item memories. Specifically, subsequent object-location associative retrieval associated with encoding related activation of caudate, cingulate, and middle occipital cortex in women and, additionally, of temporo-parietal regions in men. We also found male-specific activations in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) and insula during associated with the encoding and retrieval of object-only information. Moreover, whereas activity in ventrolateral PFC, posterior cingulate, and inferior parietal regions during encoding supported subsequent performance in women, activity in these regions during retrieval supported object-location associative memory in men. Similarly, we found that activity in ventrolateral PFC, precuneus, parahippocampal, anterior cingulate, and occipital regions during retrieval supported general memory performance in women but object-only retrieval in men. Our findings suggest functional dedifferentiation of episodic memory-related brain activation and performance in women compared to men. Follow up analyses should test for sex differences in the relationship between brain activity patterns and performance longitudinally, in association with risk factors for AD development.

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“…We expected to observe an effect of age on PM, especially the prospective component that is subserved by executive processes and frontal areas [43,44]. We further expected this effect to be more pronounced for TB intentions than EB ones [45][46][47]. We also hypothesized that sleep would preferentially reinforce the retrospective component of intentions, which is mainly hippocampus-dependent [48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of Sleep and Age on Prospective Memory Consolidation: A Walk in a Virtual Museum

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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Prospective memory (PM) refers to our ability to perform actions at the appropriate moment, either when a predetermined event occurs (event-based, EB) or after a predetermined amount of time (time-based, TB). Sleep favors the consolidation of both EB and TB intentions, but whether this benefit is preserved during ageing is still subject to debate. PM was assessed in 28 young and 27 older healthy volunteers using a virtual environment. Participants had to learn and execute intentions after intervals filled with either daytime wakefulness or nighttime sleep. Intentions consisted of four TB, four EB with a strong link between the cue triggering retrieval and the action to be performed (EB-link) and four with no link (EB-nolink). PM was not affected by age, whatever the type of intention and the nature of the retention interval. While sleep reinforced all types of intentions in young participants, this benefit was only observed for TB and EB-link intentions in older adults. Sleep also reinforced the intrinsic PM components in both groups. Thus, when assessed using complex realistic situations, PM is not impaired in ageing. Results are discussed in the light of memory schema theory and the possible impact of cognitive reserve on sleep and memory.

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Functional dedifferentiation and reduced task-related deactivations underlie the age-related decline of prospective memory

Cited by 16 publications

References 52 publications

Omega-3 PUFA metabolism and brain modifications during aging

Omega-3 PUFA metabolism and brain modifications during aging

Dedifferentiation of memory-related brain function as a potential early biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease in asymptomatic older women: Results from the PREVENT-AD Cohort

Effects of Sleep and Age on Prospective Memory Consolidation: A Walk in a Virtual Museum

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