Functional Ginger Extracts from Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Extraction via <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Assays: Antioxidation, Antimicroorganism, and Mice Xenografts Models

Lee, Chih-Chen; Chiou, Lih‐Chu; Wang, Jheng-Yang; Chou, Hsin-Yu; Lan, John Chi-Wei; Huang, Tsi-Shu; Huang, Kuo-Chuan; Wang, Huimin

doi:10.1155/2013/210845

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Z. officinale used in the pharmaceutical industry [54, 55]. Furthermore, many studies were performed and affirmed the efficiency of Z. officinale to treat many affections, like nausea and vomiting [56–58]; pain and cold [59, 60]; arthritis and rheumatism [61–63]; cramps, fever, and infections [64]; gastrointestinal disorders [54, 65]; anemia [66]; and asthma, constipation, and nervous diseases [61], as well as Alzheimer's disease [64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In VitroAntioxidant andIn VivoLipid-Lowering Properties ofZingiber officinaleCrude Aqueous Extract and Methanolic Fraction: A Follow-Up Study

Bekkouch¹,

Harnafi²,

Touiss³

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Over the past decades, cardiovascular diseases have become the leading cause of death all over the world, and among these diseases there is atherosclerosis caused mainly by an increase in plasmatic cholesterol levels and by strong oxidation caused by free radicals. For these reasons and others, we explored in this report the hypolipidemic and the antioxidant effects of Zingiber officinale crude aqueous and methanolic extract. The hypolipidemic study was carried out in high-fat-fed mice model. Animals were subdivided into four groups and were orally treated with the aqueous extract once daily for twelve weeks at two doses: 250 and 500 mg/Kg. During the treatment, the body weight, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoproteins have been defined every four weeks. The antioxidant activity has been studied using radical scavenging activity, β-carotene bleaching, reducing power assay, and the TBARs tests. The daily oral administration of the extracts for twelve weeks significantly improved the lipid profile in a dose-dependent manner, from the first until the twelfth week, and also showed a significant antioxidant effect. These findings may be potentially contributive to the validation of the medicinal use of Z. officinale to treat hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In VitroAntioxidant andIn VivoLipid-Lowering Properties ofZingiber officinaleCrude Aqueous Extract and Methanolic Fraction: A Follow-Up Study

Bekkouch¹,

Harnafi²,

Touiss³

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Although melanoma is not a major cause of tumorous symptoms, melanoma is a major cause of death in patients with skin cancer. Treating melanoma is difficult due to its resistance to conventional chemoradiotherapy [ 6 ]. No effective therapies for metastatic melanoma are currently available, and effective drugs are urgently needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofunctional Activities of Equisetum ramosissimum Extract: Protective Effects against Oxidation, Melanoma, and Melanogenesis

Chiu

Shih

et al. 2016

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Equisetum ramosissimum, a genus of Equisetaceae, is a medicinal plant that can be separated into ethyl acetate (EA), dichloromethane (DM), n-hexane (Hex), methanol (MeOH), and water extracts. EA extract was known to have potent antioxidative properties, reducing power, DPPH scavenging activity, and metal ion chelating activity. This study compared these five extracts in terms of their inhibiting effects on three human malignant melanomas: A375, A375.S2, and A2058. MTT assay presented the notion that both EA and DM extracts inhibited melanoma growth but did not affect the viabilities of normal dermal keratinocytes (HaCaT) or fibroblasts. Western blot analyses showed that both EA and DM extracts induced overexpression of caspase proteins in all three melanomas. To determine their roles in melanogenesis, this study analyzed their in vitro suppressive effects on mushroom tyrosinase. All extracts except for water revealed moderate suppressive effects. None of the extracts affected B16-F10 cells proliferation. EA extract inhibited cellular melanin production whereas DM extract unexpectedly enhanced cellular pigmentation in B16-F10 cells. Data for modulations of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1, and tyrosinase-related protein 2 showed that EA extract inhibited protein expression mentioned above whereas DM extract had the opposite effect. Overall, the experiments indicated that the biofunctional activities of EA extract contained in food and cosmetics protect against oxidation, melanoma, and melanin production.

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“…CBD and CBDA concentrations were summed using molar concentrations. The sum of molar concentrations was calculated as the total CBD concentration in g/100 g (or wt.%), which compensated for the theoretical loss of CO 2 [61,79,80].…”

Section: Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Hemp Extract in Combination with Ginger on the Metabolic Activity of Metastatic Cells and Microorganisms

et al. 2020

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This study presents an investigation of the anticancer and antimicrobial ability of a combination of ginger and cannabis extracts in different ratios (1:1, 7:3 and 3:7). Extracts were obtained using various methods (Soxhlet extractions, cold macerations, ultrasonic extractions and supercritical fluid extractions). The antioxidant activity and the presence of total phenols were measured in the extracts, and the effect of the application extracts in various concentrations (c = 50, 20, 10, 5, 1, 0.1, 0.01 mg/mL) on cells was investigated. Higher values of antioxidants were measured at the ratio where ginger was predominant, which is reflected in a higher concentration of total phenols. Depending on the polyphenol content, the extracts were most effective when prepared supercritically and ultrasonically. However, with respect to cell response, the ratio was shown to have no effect on inhibiting cancer cell division. The minimum concentration required to inhibit cancer cell growth was found to be 1 mg/mL. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis also confirmed the effectiveness of ultrasonic and supercritical fluid extraction, as their extracts reached higher cannabinoid contents. In both extractions, the cannabidiol (CBD) content was above 30% and the cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) content was above 45%. In the case of ultrasonic extraction, a higher quantity of cannabigerol (CBG) (5.75 ± 0.18) was detected, and in the case of supercritical fluid extraction, higher cannabichromene (CBC) (5.48 ± 0.13) content was detected, when compared to other extraction methods. The antimicrobial potential of extracts prepared with ultrasonic and supercritical extractions on three microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans) was checked. Ginger and cannabis extract show better growth inhibition of microorganisms in cannabis-dominated ratios for gram-positive bacterium S. aureus, MIC = 9.38 mg/mL, for gram-negative bacterium E. coli, MIC > 37.5 mg/mL and for the C. albicans fungus MIC = 4.69 mg/mL. This suggests guidelines for further work: a 1: 1 ratio of ginger and hemp will be chosen in a combination with supercritical and ultrasonic extraction.

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Functional Ginger Extracts from Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Extraction via In Vitro and In Vivo Assays: Antioxidation, Antimicroorganism, and Mice Xenografts Models

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

In VitroAntioxidant andIn VivoLipid-Lowering Properties ofZingiber officinaleCrude Aqueous Extract and Methanolic Fraction: A Follow-Up Study

In VitroAntioxidant andIn VivoLipid-Lowering Properties ofZingiber officinaleCrude Aqueous Extract and Methanolic Fraction: A Follow-Up Study

Biofunctional Activities of Equisetum ramosissimum Extract: Protective Effects against Oxidation, Melanoma, and Melanogenesis

The Influence of Hemp Extract in Combination with Ginger on the Metabolic Activity of Metastatic Cells and Microorganisms

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