In this article, we propose a higher order neural network, namely the functional link neural network (FLNN), for the model of linear and nonlinear delay fractional optimal control problems (DFOCPs) with mixed control-state constraints. We consider DFOCPs using a new fractional derivative with nonlocal and nonsingular kernel that was recently proposed by Atangana and Baleanu.The derivative possesses more important characteristics that are very useful in modelling. In the proposed method, a fractional Chebyshev FLNN is developed. At the first step, the delay problem is transformed to a nondelay problem, using a Padé approximation. The necessary optimality condition is stated in a form of fractional two-point boundary value problem. By applying the fractional integration by parts and by constructing an error function, we then define an unconstrained minimization problem. In the optimization problem, trial solutions for state, co-state and control functions are utilized where these trial solutions are constructed by using single-layer fractional Chebyshev neural network model. We then minimize the error function using an unconstrained optimization scheme based on the gradient descent algorithm for updating the network parameters (weights and bias) associated with all neurons. To show the effectiveness of the proposed neural network, some numerical results are provided.
K E Y W O R D SAtangana-Baleanu derivative, delay fractional optimal control problems, fractional Chebyshev polynomials, functional link neural network, optimization, Padé approximation 1 808 /journal/oca Optim Control Appl Meth. 2020;41:808-832.KHEYRINATAJ and NAZEMI 809 cannot be used in modeling of the complex control systems. To bypass these difficulties, Caputo and Fabrizio proposed a so-called Caputo-Fabrizio derivative based on the exponential kernel 10 instead of the power principle. After that, Atangana and Baleanu (AB) 2 generalized the Caputo-Fabrizio derivative using the Mittag-Leffler function as one of the best candidates among existing kernels which is both nonsingular and nonlocal. The control of systems with time delay and obtaining their approximate solutions are very important issues in control theory. Optimal control problems with delay arise in many important applications in science and engineering. [11][12][13] Some researchers have extended this model to the scope of fractional calculus. From these works, we can mention, Chelyshkov wavelets, 14 Legendre operational method, 15 Müntz-Legendre spectral method 16 , block-pulse function, 17 Bernoulli wavelet 18 , Bernstein polynomials 19 , discretization-based methods, 20,21 and embedding approach. 22 In the above-mentioned works, the functions are approximated locally, using the discretization of domain into the number of finite elements. Despite providing good approximations to the solution of problem, these methods have difficulties. Due to discretization of domain via meshing, these methods need a high computational time when the control problems have high-order dimension. Also, d...