Functional Mapping of the Human Visual Cortex by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Belliveau, John W.; Kennedy, David N.; McKinstry, Robert C.; Buchbinder, Bradley R.; Weisskoff, Robert M.; Cohen, Mark S.; Vevea, James M.; Brady, Thomas J.; Rosen, Bruce R.

doi:10.1126/science.1948051

Cited by 1,654 publications

(754 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Rosen and co-workers (11)(12)(13)(14) derived maps of relative CBV by kinetic analysis of the concentration time curves (see above) while dynamically tracking the passage of a bolus high-susceptibility contrast agent. Note that the technique is applicable to any method of tracking the passage of an intravascular tracer with high temporal resolution, irrespective of modality (dynamic computed tomography (CT) is also suited for this purpose).…”

Section: Cbv Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Principles of cerebral perfusion imaging by bolus tracking

Østergaard

2005

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

248

215

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The principles of cerebral perfusion imaging by the method of dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging (DSC‐MRI) (bolus tracking) are described. The MRI signals underlying DSC‐MRI are discussed. Tracer kinetics procedures are defined to calculate images of cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and mean transit time (MTT). Two general categories of numerical procedures are reviewed for deriving CBF from the residue function. Procedures that involve deconvolution, such as Fourier deconvolution or singular value decomposition (SVD), are classified as model‐independent methods because they do not require a model of the microvascular hemodynamics. Those methods in principle also yield a measure of the tissue impulse response function and the residue function, from which microvascular hemodynamics can be characterized. The second category of methods is the model‐dependent methods, which use models of tracer transport and retention in the microvasculature. These methods do not yield independent measures of the residue function and may introduce bias when the physiology does not follow the model. Statistical methods are sometimes used, which involve treating the residue function as a deconvolution kernel and optimizing (fitting) the kernel from the experimental data using procedures such as maximum likelihood. Finally, other hemodynamic indices that can be measured from DSC‐MRI data are described. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Section: Cbv Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combining Eq. [14] and Eq. [13] therefore yields flow heterogeneity in terms of the residue function.…”

Section: Flow Heterogeneity and Metabolic Significance Of The Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

Principles of cerebral perfusion imaging by bolus tracking

Østergaard

2005

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

248

215

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“…Most fMRI studies have been dedicated to the study of stimulus-related functions (e.g. Belliveau et al, 1991). In a few cases, patients with prolonged subclinical or focal seizure activity without major body movements have been studied (Jackson et al, 1994;Detre et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive epileptic focus localization using EEG-triggered functional MRI and electromagnetic tomography

Seeck

Lazeyras

Michel

et al. 1998

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology

241

113

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We present a new approach for non-invasive localization of focal epileptogenic discharges in patients considered for surgical treatment. EEG-triggered functional MR imaging (fMRI) and 3D EEG source localization were combined to map the primary electrical source with high spatial resolution. The method is illustrated by the case of a patient with medically intractable frontal lobe epilepsy. EEG obtained in the MRI system allowed triggering of the fMRI acquisition by the patient's habitual epileptogenic discharges. fMRI revealed multiple areas of signal enhancement. Three-dimensional EEG source localization identified the same active areas and provided evidence of onset in the left frontal lobe. Subsequent electrocorticography from subdural electrodes confirmed spike and seizure onset over this region. This approach, i.e. the combination of EEG-triggered fMRI and 3D EEG source analysis, represents a promising additional tool for presurgical epilepsy evaluation allowing precise non-invasive identification of the epileptic foci.

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“…Over and above this whole brain effect, a substantial increase in CBV was observed in mediodorsal thalamus. During cognitive tasks or drug challenges, such localized CBV increases can reflect local increases in neuronal activity (Belliveau et al 1991;Levin et al 1995). Thus the drug-induced CBV increase in mediodorsal thalamus in human subjects is probably analogous to the Fos protein increase in thalamic neurons in rat studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%