Functional Packaging of Lateral Flow Strip Allows Simple Delivery of Multiple Reagents for Multistep Assays

Shin, Joong Ho; Park, Je‐Kyun

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02869

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This valve can be operated several times and is programmable [106]. Rotational valve (hollow rivet) Switching (ON) ELISA (carcino-embryonic antigen; CEA) [102] Rotational valve (comb binding) Switching (ON) Colorimetric-enzymatic assay (Fe 2+ and nitrite) [103] Rotational valve (circular disk) Switching (ON) Fluorescence-based molecular-imprinting detection (4-nitrophenol and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol) [39] Rotational valves on paper-based analytical devices have been implemented using rotatable disk-type packaging [101], hollow rivets [102], comb binding [103], and rotational paper-based microfluidic chips [39] as ways to bridge separated paper channels. As a representative case using rotational valves, a rotatable disk-type device has a bottom piece with a test strip and a top piece with a pad on which the reagent is dried.…”

Section: Mechanical Actuation-based Active Valvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances of Fluid Manipulation Technologies in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs) toward Multi-Step Assays

Kim¹,

Hahn

Kim

2020

Micromachines

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Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have been suggested as alternatives for developing countries with suboptimal medical conditions because of their low diagnostic cost, high portability, and disposable characteristics. Recently, paper-based diagnostic devices enabling multi-step assays have been drawing attention, as they allow complicated tests, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which were previously only conducted in the laboratory, to be performed on-site. In addition, user convenience and price of paper-based diagnostic devices are other competitive points over other point-of-care testing (POCT) devices, which are more critical in developing countries. Fluid manipulation technologies in paper play a key role in realizing multi-step assays via μPADs, and the expansion of biochemical applications will provide developing countries with more medical benefits. Therefore, we herein aimed to investigate recent fluid manipulation technologies utilized in paper-based devices and to introduce various approaches adopting several principles to control fluids on papers. Fluid manipulation technologies are classified into passive and active methods. While passive valves are structurally simple and easy to fabricate, they are difficult to control in terms of flow at a specific spatiotemporal condition. On the contrary, active valves are more complicated and mostly require external systems, but they provide much freedom of fluid manipulation and programmable operation. Both technologies have been revolutionized in the way to compensate for their limitations, and their advances will lead to improved performance of μPADs, increasing the level of healthcare around the world.

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Section: Mechanical Actuation-based Active Valvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(A) Operation of the rotational valve. Each reagent flows toward the test strip step-by-step by sequentially returning the top piece on the test strip located at the bottom piece.Figure reprintedwith permission from[101]. (B) A paper-based "pop-up" electrochemical device.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Fluid Manipulation Technologies in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs) toward Multi-Step Assays

Kim¹,

Hahn

Kim

2020

Micromachines

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“…Liu et al [69] considered the use of a pencil made from polyethylene glycols for the application of reagents to control the rate of their subsequent release. Shin et al [70] developed a rotary device for this purpose, the rotation of which makes it possible to initiate a reaction and then sequentially introduce into the system the necessary reagents. The volume of reagents introduced into the system during analysis can be controlled by the vertical flow immunoassay method proposed by Oh et al [71] and successfully implemented by them for the detection of C-reactive protein.…”

Section: Proper Interaction For Lfiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ways to Reach Lower Detection Limits of Lateral Flow Immunoassays

Zherdev¹,

Dzantiev²

2018

Rapid Test - Advances in Design, Format and Diagnostic Applications

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This chapter considers factors influencing sensitivity of lateral flow immunoassay and modern developments that are focused on reaching lower detection limits. The existing variety of proposed approaches is classified in accordance with the "big five rules" for these assays, including proper sample, receptor, interaction, response, and output. The solutions for rapid extraction of target analytes and preventing negative influence of extractants are considered. Role to antibodies affinity and specificity is characterized. Potential of alternate bioreceptor molecules is discussed. Immunoreactants' compositions, concentrations, and locations on the test strip are characterized as factors determining assay parameters. The existing variety of labels is compared in terms of their optical and alternate registration. Tools to modulate a sequence of analytical reactions and to form aggregates of the detected labels are considered. The discussed approaches are illustrated through developments of test strips for detection of mycotoxins, veterinary drugs, and other analytes.The overall design of the immunochromatographic test strip is shown in Figure 1. It is a composite of several membranes of different structures and porosities, fixed on a support. The bundling of the test strip can vary, so it makes sense to consider its design based on what analytical tasks are being performed on its different sites.A. Typically, the lower portion of the test strip contains a sample pad. It ensures the absorption of sample components, in which the presence of the target analyte is checked.B. The following is a section with immunoreagents that are washed out during the analysis and move upward along with the components of the sample. As a rule, a conjugate pad forms this zone. It contains a conjugate of antibodies against the target analyte with a nanodispersed label-particles of colored latex, colloidal gold, and so on.The next two sections are located on the main working membrane of the test strip. C.First, there is a zone along which the movement of the absorbed components of the sample and the washed immunoreagents continues. During this movement, immune reactions occur, and specific intermolecular complexes are formed. D.Next, a mixture of reacted and unreacted molecules enters the binding area with immobilized immunoreagents. Depending on whether the target analyte was present in the sample and in what amount, binding of labeled immune complexes occurs in certain areas (in the traditional case, with the formation of narrow colored lines). Usually, additional reagents are located here to control the functionality of the test system. E. The upper part of the test strip with the final pad, usually structurally similar to the sample pad, ensures the further movement of the reaction mixture under the action of capillary forces and the washing of unreacted components from the underlying areas. These processes allow the label's binding to be evaluated correctly.Membrane components of the test strip are fixed on a plastic support and partia...

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“…For example, it is well known that, clenbuterol (CL), salbutamol (SAL) and ractopamine (RAC) are the main three widely used β-adrenergic agonists and all required to be measured for safety insurance 23 . Although the LFS methods have been extensively studied and applied in various fields including nucleic acids [24][25][26] , RNA 27 , proteins 28,29 , bacterial [30][31][32] , metal ions 33,34 and small molecules 35, , no more than 10 papers have been reported for simultaneous detection of multiple analytes with the single LFS and single sampling 37 . Typically, some research has been carried out for multiple detection of three or five components on the same lateral flow strip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Detection of Multiple β-Adrenergic Agonists with 2-Directional Lateral Flow Strip Platform

Song

Wang

et al. 2019

ANAL. SCI.

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Clenbuterol (CL), salbutamol (SAL) and ractopamine (RAC) are the three common β-adrenergic agonists which are the main hazards in food safety and affect human health through the food chain. A convenient and efficient method is urgently required to perform on-site detection of multiple β-adrenergic agonists to avoid frequent poisoning incidents. In this paper, a 2-directional lateral flow strip technique (2-directional LFS) is developed for rapid and simultaneous detection of CL, SAL and RAC with single sampling. Compared to conventional lateral flow strip, this 2-directional LFS technique can realize simultaneous detection of three or more target analytes without any change of intrinsic simplicity of LFS. Furthermore, this 2-directional LFS can effectively avoid the potential intrinsic cross-reactivity among the reagents to analogues. Under the optimized conditions, CL, SAL and RAC were all successfully determined with satisfied results in both buffer and urine samples with the detection limit as low as 0.5 ng/mL. This 2-directional-LFS technique can revolutionize the commercial single-analyte LFS products and can effectively widen the applications of the classic LFS in various fields.

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Functional Packaging of Lateral Flow Strip Allows Simple Delivery of Multiple Reagents for Multistep Assays

Cited by 36 publications

References 24 publications

Recent Advances of Fluid Manipulation Technologies in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs) toward Multi-Step Assays

Recent Advances of Fluid Manipulation Technologies in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs) toward Multi-Step Assays

Ways to Reach Lower Detection Limits of Lateral Flow Immunoassays

Simultaneous Detection of Multiple β-Adrenergic Agonists with 2-Directional Lateral Flow Strip Platform

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