Functionality and Comfort Design of Lower-Limb Prosthetics: A Review

Abstract

This literature review on the design of amputated lower limbs has covered various aspects related to prosthetic limb design. It has highlighted the need for continuous improvement and innovation in order to enhance user satisfaction, mobility, and overall quality of life. Biomechanical factors such as gait analysis, joint range of motion, force distribution, and energy efficiency were identified as crucial considerations in amputated lower-limb design. Socket design principles, focusing on comfort and proper load distribution, were found to be essential for achieving a well-fitting and functional prosthetic limb. Emerging technologies, including advanced materials, robotics, neural interfaces, and sensor technology, were explored as potential avenues for improvement. These technologies showed promise in enhancing functionality, control, and sensory feedback in prosthetic limbs. A user-centric approach was emphasized, involving users in the design process and incorporating their feedback and preferences. Affordability and accessibility were highlighted as significant concerns, calling for the development of cost-effective solutions. Long-term performance and durability were also emphasized, stressing the need for robust materials and quality control processes. The integration of neural interfaces and sensory feedback posed opportunities and challenges for achieving more natural limb control and sensation. To sum up, this literature review has furnished valuable perspectives on amputated lower-limb design, underscoring the significance of refining design principles, accounting for biomechanical variables, embracing emerging technologies, and integrating user input. Future directions include addressing affordability, long-term performance, and neural integration while leveraging advancements in materials, technology, and user-centered design.

Recent Advances in Biomimetics for the Development of Bio-Inspired Prosthetic Limbs

“…Leveraging 3D scanning technologies and computational modeling, prosthetists can craft custom-fit sockets that intricately match the contours of the user's residual limb [48]. This personalized approach minimizes discomfort and bolsters stability, thereby enhancing overall user experience and prosthetic function [18]. Moreover, the adoption of lightweight and resilient materials, such as carbon fiber composites and elastomers, has significantly augmented the performance and durability of prosthetic components [49].…”

“…It is paramount to acknowledge the transformative influence of tailored prosthetic devices, particularly in light of advancements in biomimetics and additive manufacturing techniques that have reshaped the field. By tailoring prosthetic solutions to harmonize with the unique anatomical features and lifestyle preferences of each individual, prosthetists not only enhance comfort and functionality but also cultivate a renewed sense of ownership and confidence among users [18]. Through the seamless integration of state-of-the-art technologies and collaborative design processes, the era of personalized prosthetics marks a significant advancement in prosthetic care, offering unparalleled levels of satisfaction and enhancing the overall quality of life for users.…”

“…Moreover, the utilization of advanced materials, such as biocompatible polymers and lightweight alloys, enables the creation of prosthetic devices that not only offer durability but also blend seamlessly with the user's aesthetic preferences. In addition to anatomical customization, prosthetists also take into account the user's lifestyle and functional requirements when designing prosthetic solutions [18]. It acknowledges that different users have diverse needs based on their lifestyle, activities, and personal preferences.…”

“…The customization and personalization of prosthetic devices represent significant advancements that have led to improvements in both aesthetics and functionality for users. This approach tailors prosthetic solutions to match the unique anatomy and lifestyle of each individual, allowing prosthetists to address specific challenges and optimize performance in real-world scenarios [18]. One of the primary benefits of customization is the optimization of socket fit, which is crucial for ensuring comfort and stability during prosthetic use.…”

“…Moreover, biomimetic prosthetics prioritize biocompatibility and sustainability, addressing key challenges associated with traditional prosthetic devices [17]. By leveraging materials and technologies inspired by nature, these prosthetic limbs aim to reduce the risk of rejection and adverse reactions, thereby improving long-term outcomes for users [6,18]. Additionally, biomimetic design principles promote sustainability by minimizing environmental impact and resource consumption, aligning with global efforts towards more eco-friendly solutions [1,19].…”