Functionalized Acupuncture Needle as Surface‐Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Sensor for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Dopamine in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid

Abstract

It is a challenge to develop a robust sensor for simple, rapid operation and sensitive detection of neurotransmitters in complex specimens. Herein, ferric citrate functionalized gold nanoparticles (CA-Fe /Au NPs) are utilized to develop a facile sensor based on surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) for sensitive detection of dopamine (DA). The sensor is prepared by decorating the acupuncture needle with Au NPs, which enables sufficient surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy enhancement. The CA-Fe structure is highly sensitive and selective for DA due to the formation of the CA-Fe -DA resonant structure; this indicates the advantages of capturing, carrying, and separating DA molecules from complicated samples in a simple operation. Furthermore, the practical application of the fabricated sensor is validated by the detection of DA in pretreated serum and cerebrospinal fluid of acupuncture-treated mice with detection limits of 0.1 and 2.5 nm DA, respectively. The developed active acupuncture needle sensor has potential benefits for sensitive detection and qualitative identification of DA molecules from biological samples.

Antimicrobial peptide based magnetic recognition elements and Au@Ag-GO SERS tags with stable internal standards: a three in one biosensor for isolation, discrimination and killing of multiple bacteria in whole blood

“…Though the “fingerprints” help to discriminate bacteria from the interference, as the sample become more complex, the selectivity will be limited. To improve the detection selectively, recognition elements with higher specificity have been introduced to capture bacteria 10–12. They mainly include antibodies,13–15 aptamers,16,17 and antibiotics 18.…”

Localized and Surface Plasmons Coupling for Ultrasensitive Dopamine Detection by means of SPR‐Based Perylene Bisimide/Au Nanostructures Thin Film

“…[22] Starting from these evidences, the effect of DA water solution on the Raman enhancement of PBI signals promoted by the AuNS has been tested. In fact, the Raman signals of PBI are remarkably reduced (Figure S5, Supporting Information) when DA water solution (10 −9 m, concentration close to the physiological range [11] ) is fluxed over five hybrid LbL layers of AuNS/PBI immobilized onto silicon slides. The rationale is the occurrence of chemical interactions among the plasmonic nanostructure and the PBI molecules.…”

“…[9] DA concentration range in physiological conditions is reported to be in the nanomolar range. [11] For this reason, it is particularly interesting the design of sensing devices with nanomolar sensitivity toward DA in this complex medium. In fact, CSF has a variegate composition, that can affect the measurement in terms of sensitivity and selectivity.…”

“…[6][7][8] Parkinson's, Huntington's, Alzheimer's diseases, Schizophrenia, epilepsy, and memory loss are some of the widespread neural sicknesses related to DA down-level in the CSF. [8][9][10] In healthy patients, DA CSF levels are reported to be in the 0.5× 10 −9 to 25 × 10 −9 m concentration range, [11] whilst, in Parkinson's disease affected people, DA CSF levels drop down to sub-nanomolar concentration (below 100 × 10 −12 m). [12,13] In the last years, in order to reply to the demand of ultrasensitive DA detection in biological fluids, as CSF or sera, the researchers' interest in innovative optical and spectroscopic sensing systems, especially based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) methods, has been constantly rising.…”

Noble metal sensitized invasive porous bioelectrodes: advanced medical device for enhanced neuronal activity and chronic alcohol treatment

“…13 While the underlying biological mechanism of invasive bioelectrode treatment remains as yet undetermined, it has been largely accepted that the inserted bioelectrode interacts mechanically and electrochemically with the surrounding tissue, thus altering the neurochemical balance of the peripheral and central nervous systems. [14][15][16][17][18][19] Several approaches have been investigated for enhancing the efficacy of invasive bioelectrode treatment, including variations in the diameter, 20 insertion depth, 21,22 and a number of bioelectrodes employed during treatment. 23 Another strategy has been used to modify the bioelectrode surface, for example, with graphene, an excellent electrical conductor, or with noble metals.…”