“…But when HDPE was treated with 2% and 3% of ZnO, the pathogen population and its biofilm were not seen, which showed the strong effect of ZnO as an antimicrobial on E. coli microbes. 1,45,46,48 This result is supported by the SEM images in Figure 2 which were taken and revealed that only pathogen populations and their biofilms formed on pure HDPE material.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 62%
“…But when HDPE was treated with 2% and 3% of ZnO, the pathogen population and its biofilm were not seen, which showed the strong effect of ZnO as an antimicrobial on E. coli microbes. 1,45,46,48 This result is supported by the SEM images in Figure 2 which were taken and revealed that only pathogen populations and their biofilms formed on pure HDPE material.Figure 2.Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of Escherichia coli and its biofilm on HDPE at (a) Pure HDPE material, (b) HDPE treated with 2% of ZnO, (c) HDPE treated with 3% of ZnO.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 60%
“…When we considered 1% carbon black and 1, 2 and 3% of ZnO, we got less formation of biofilm at 1% of ZnO, and after that, the bar chart shows the higher formation of biofilm. If we see that 1.5% of carbon black and 1, 2 and 3% of ZnO, the bar chart shows that till 2% of ZnO, the formation of biofilm was reduced because the zinc oxide, 45,46 but after 2%, the effect of ZnO was reduced. Similarly, for 2.5% carbon black, the bar chart shows that ZnO was effective at 1% and 3%.…”
Antimicrobial hybrid polymer composites are developed for application in floating solar power plants. To avoid the degradation of the floater because of microbes living in the water as well as possible biofouling, zinc oxide (ZnO) is used as an antimicrobial agent, varying the weight percent (1, 2, and 3 wt%) within the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix, along with carbon black (CB) as a reinforcing agent (1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 wt%). Escherichia coli (facultative anaerobic) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (aerobic-facultatively anaerobic) gram-negative bacteria formed a biofilm on HDPE in a 96-well plate for 5 days. In vitro, biofilm formation was determined by measuring absorbance (A420) in crystal violet dye, and the colony-forming unit (CFU) was determined by the spread plating technique. The biofilm formation and disruption are observed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM), where both the CFU and the SEM revealed uniform formation of biofilm onto neat HDPE. The best performance in terms of reduced biofilm formation and biofouling onto HDPE floaters was achieved for E. coli (ZnO: 2 wt% and CB: 2 wt%), whereas for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ZnO: 3 wt% and CB: 2 wt%). Application of greener polymers and nanoparticles for future studies is highly recommended.
“…But when HDPE was treated with 2% and 3% of ZnO, the pathogen population and its biofilm were not seen, which showed the strong effect of ZnO as an antimicrobial on E. coli microbes. 1,45,46,48 This result is supported by the SEM images in Figure 2 which were taken and revealed that only pathogen populations and their biofilms formed on pure HDPE material.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 62%
“…But when HDPE was treated with 2% and 3% of ZnO, the pathogen population and its biofilm were not seen, which showed the strong effect of ZnO as an antimicrobial on E. coli microbes. 1,45,46,48 This result is supported by the SEM images in Figure 2 which were taken and revealed that only pathogen populations and their biofilms formed on pure HDPE material.Figure 2.Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of Escherichia coli and its biofilm on HDPE at (a) Pure HDPE material, (b) HDPE treated with 2% of ZnO, (c) HDPE treated with 3% of ZnO.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 60%
“…When we considered 1% carbon black and 1, 2 and 3% of ZnO, we got less formation of biofilm at 1% of ZnO, and after that, the bar chart shows the higher formation of biofilm. If we see that 1.5% of carbon black and 1, 2 and 3% of ZnO, the bar chart shows that till 2% of ZnO, the formation of biofilm was reduced because the zinc oxide, 45,46 but after 2%, the effect of ZnO was reduced. Similarly, for 2.5% carbon black, the bar chart shows that ZnO was effective at 1% and 3%.…”
Antimicrobial hybrid polymer composites are developed for application in floating solar power plants. To avoid the degradation of the floater because of microbes living in the water as well as possible biofouling, zinc oxide (ZnO) is used as an antimicrobial agent, varying the weight percent (1, 2, and 3 wt%) within the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix, along with carbon black (CB) as a reinforcing agent (1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 wt%). Escherichia coli (facultative anaerobic) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (aerobic-facultatively anaerobic) gram-negative bacteria formed a biofilm on HDPE in a 96-well plate for 5 days. In vitro, biofilm formation was determined by measuring absorbance (A420) in crystal violet dye, and the colony-forming unit (CFU) was determined by the spread plating technique. The biofilm formation and disruption are observed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM), where both the CFU and the SEM revealed uniform formation of biofilm onto neat HDPE. The best performance in terms of reduced biofilm formation and biofouling onto HDPE floaters was achieved for E. coli (ZnO: 2 wt% and CB: 2 wt%), whereas for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ZnO: 3 wt% and CB: 2 wt%). Application of greener polymers and nanoparticles for future studies is highly recommended.
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