“…The effects of chemical modifiers were first described by Buryakov et al, where the change in the alpha behavior was related to clustering and declustering in the presence of water vapors (Buryakov et al, , ,). For the purposes of developing models of DMS operation, other groups attempted to account for these phenomena (Guevremont & Purves, ; Spangler, ; Eiceman, Nazarov, & Miller, ). Subsequent work from the Eiceman group refined these concepts, and described this process as the currently understood dynamic cluster/decluster model (Krylova et al, ; Eiceman et al, ).…”