Fungal community dynamics during a marine dinoflagellate (Noctiluca scintillans) bloom

Sun, Jing-Yun; Song, Yu Shan; Ma, Zhiliang; Zhang, Huaijing; Yang, Zhiwei; Cai, Zhonghua; Zhou, Jin

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.10.002

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In this work, Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were the primary members detected, and their abundance was increased during bloom termination. These results are similar to our previous observations ( Sun et al, 2017 ), and suggest that there might be a saprophytic association between fungi and the decomposition of A. catenella biomass.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Microbial Community Structure and Associations During a Marine Dinoflagellate Bloom

et al. 2018

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Interactions between microorganisms and algae during bloom events significantly impacts their physiology, alters ambient chemistry, and shapes ecosystem diversity. The potential role these interactions have in bloom development and decline are also of particular interest given the ecosystem impacts of algal blooms. We hypothesized that microbial community structure and succession is linked to specific bloom stages, and reflects complex interactions among taxa comprising the phycosphere environment. This investigation used pyrosequencing and correlation approaches to assess patterns and associations among bacteria, archaea, and microeukaryotes during a spring bloom of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. Within the bacterial community, Gammaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were predominant during the initial bloom stage, while Alphaproteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the most abundant taxa present during bloom onset and termination. In the archaea biosphere, methanogenic members were present during the early bloom period while the majority of species identified in the late bloom stage were ammonia-oxidizing archaea and Halobacteriales. Dinoflagellates were the major eukaryotic group present during most stages of the bloom, whereas a mixed assemblage comprising diatoms, green-algae, rotifera, and other microzooplankton were present during bloom termination. Temperature and salinity were key environmental factors associated with changes in bacterial and archaeal community structure, respectively, whereas inorganic nitrogen and inorganic phosphate were associated with eukaryotic variation. The relative contribution of environmental parameters measured during the bloom to variability among samples was 35.3%. Interaction analysis showed that Maxillopoda, Spirotrichea, Dinoflagellata, and Halobacteria were keystone taxa within the positive-correlation network, while Halobacteria, Dictyochophyceae, Mamiellophyceae, and Gammaproteobacteria were the main contributors to the negative-correlation network. The positive and negative relationships were the primary drivers of mutualist and competitive interactions that impacted algal bloom fate, respectively. Functional predictions showed that blooms enhance microbial carbohydrate and energy metabolism, and alter the sulfur cycle. Our results suggest that microbial community structure is strongly linked to bloom progression, although specific drivers of community interactions and responses are not well understood. The importance of considering biotic interactions (e.g., competition, symbiosis, and predation) when investigating the link between microbial ecological behavior and an algal bloom’s trajectory is also highlighted.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Microbial Community Structure and Associations During a Marine Dinoflagellate Bloom

et al. 2018

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“…When these data are considered with our quantified fungal biomass sedimentation rates, and microscopy observations of Chytridiomycota on particulate, these data suggest that benthic-pelagic carbon coupling is likely influenced by the successful colonization of sinking particulate by fungi in the upper water column, consistent with observation from the bathypelagic realm (9). The presence and activity of nutrient-cycling gene products are likely responsible for the relationship of fungal communities to dissolved nutrients that have been identified in other sectors of the world (64,65).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles

Hassett¹,

Borrego

Vonnahme³

et al. 2019

The ISME Journal

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Recent molecular evidence suggests a global-distribution of marine fungi; however, the ecological relevance and corresponding biological contributions of fungi to marine ecosystems remains largely unknown. We assessed fungal biomass from the open Arctic Ocean by applying novel biomass conversion factors from cultured-isolates to environmental sterol and CARD-FISH data. We found an average of 16.54 nmol m -3 of ergosterol in sea ice and seawater, which corresponds to 1.74 mg C m -3 (444.56 mg C m -2 in seawater). Using Chytridiomycota-specific probes, we observed freeliving and particulate-attached cells that averaged 34.07 µg C m -3 in sea ice and seawater (11.66 mg C m -2 in seawater). Summed CARD-FISH and ergosterol values approximate 1.77 mg C m -3 in sea ice and seawater (456.23 mg C m -2 in seawater), which is similar to biomass estimates of other marine taxa generally considered integral to marine food webs and ecosystem processes. Using the GeoChip microarray, we detected evidence for fungal viruses within the Partitiviridae in sediment, as well as fungal genes involved in the degradation of biomass and the assimilation of nitrate. To bridge our observations of fungi on particulate and the detection of degradative genes, we germinated fungal conidia in zooplankton fecal pellets and grew fungal conidia after eight months incubation in sterile seawater. Ultimately, these data suggest that fungi could be as important in oceanic ecosystems as they are in freshwater environments. Significance Statement:The oceans cover 71% of the world's surface; however, the contributions of marine fungi to these environments remain a gap to understanding marine ecosystem processes and associated biogeochemical cycling. Here we provide the first biomass estimates of fungi from the Arctic Ocean, supplemented with a functional gene inventory, and experiment-based ecological data demonstrating putative niches occupied by fungi in the marine environment. We provide evidence that marine fungi comprise a comparable quantity of biomass relative to other taxonomic groups that are generally considered to be essential ecosystem components.

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“…Sediment fungal community associated with different drinking water reservoirs were previously described by quantitative PCR and 454 Pyrosequencing [ 12 ], and revealed that the fungal communities were dominated by OTUs belonging to the Chytridiomycota, including the Chytridiomycetes, Monoblepharidomycetes, and Blastocladiomycetes. The dynamics of water fungal community during a dinoflagellate ( Noctiluca scintillans ) bloom has also been investigated [ 39 ], and it was found that Ascomycota, Mucoromycotina, Chytridiomycota, and Basidiomycota were the predominant fungal types. N and P were found to significantly influence the fungal population structure during N. scintillans bloom.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Communities during the Outbreak and Decline of an Algal Bloom in a Drinking Water Reservoir

Zhang

Jia

Chen

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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The microbial communities associated with algal blooms play a pivotal role in organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in freshwater ecosystems. However, there have been few studies focused on unveiling the dynamics of bacterial and fungal communities during the outbreak and decline of algal blooms in drinking water reservoirs. To address this issue, the compositions of bacterial and fungal communities were assessed in the Zhoucun drinking water reservoir using 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene Illumina MiSeq sequencing techniques. The results showed the algal bloom was dominated by Synechococcus, Microcystis, and Prochlorothrix. The bloom was characterized by a steady decrease of total phosphorus (TP) from the outbreak to the decline period (p < 0.05) while Fe concentration increased sharply during the decline period (p < 0.05). The highest algal biomass and cell concentrations observed during the bloom were 51.7 mg/L and 1.9×108 cell/L, respectively. The cell concentration was positively correlated with CODMn (r = 0.89, p = 0.02). Illumina Miseq sequencing showed that algal bloom altered the water bacterial and fungal community structure. During the bloom, the dominant bacterial genus were Acinetobacter sp., Limnobacter sp., Synechococcus sp., and Roseomonas sp. The relative size of the fungal community also changed with algal bloom and its composition mainly contained Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Chytridiomycota. Heat map profiling indicated that algal bloom had a more consistent effect upon fungal communities at genus level. Redundancy analysis (RDA) also demonstrated that the structure of water bacterial communities was significantly correlated to conductivity and ammonia nitrogen. Meanwhile, water temperature, Fe and ammonia nitrogen drive the dynamics of water fungal communities. The results from this work suggested that water bacterial and fungal communities changed significantly during the outbreak and decline of algal bloom in Zhoucun drinking water reservoir. Our study highlights the potential role of microbial diversity as a driving force for the algal bloom and biogeochemical cycling of reservoir ecology.

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Fungal community dynamics during a marine dinoflagellate (Noctiluca scintillans) bloom

Cited by 31 publications

References 77 publications

Microbial Community Structure and Associations During a Marine Dinoflagellate Bloom

Microbial Community Structure and Associations During a Marine Dinoflagellate Bloom

Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles

Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Communities during the Outbreak and Decline of an Algal Bloom in a Drinking Water Reservoir

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