Fungal infection

Soni, Neil; Wagstaff, Adrian

doi:10.1016/j.cacc.2005.11.010

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Children of this age tend to exhibit poor hygiene practices and do have less or absent cutaneous saturated fatty acids that provide a natural protective mechanism against dermatophytes. 56 Untreated tinea capitis is associated with social stigmatisation, low quality of life and may result in complications such as scarring alopecia. 57 Individual country burden of tinea capitis has been published…”

Section: Aetiology Of Tinea Capitis In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the burden of tinea capitis among children in Africa

Bongomin

Olum

Nsenga

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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Tinea capitis is a common and endemic dermatophytosis among school age children in Africa. However, the true burden of the disease is unknown in Africa. We aimed to estimate the burden of tinea capitis among children <18 years of age in Africa. A systematic review was performed using Embase, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews to identify articles on tinea capitis among children in Africa published between January 1990 and October 2020. The United Nation's Population data (2019) were used to identify the number of children at risk of tinea capitis in each African country. Using the pooled prevalence, the country‐specific and total burden of tinea capitis was calculated. Forty studies involving a total of 229,086 children from 17/54 African countries were identified and included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of tinea capitis was 23% (95% CI, 17%–29%) mostly caused by Trichophyton species. With a population of 600 million (46%) children, the total number of cases of tinea capitis in Africa was estimated at 138.1 (95% CI, 102.0–174.1) million cases. Over 96% (132.6 million) cases occur in sub‐Saharan Africa alone. Nigeria and Ethiopia with the highest population of children contributed 16.4% (n = 98.7 million) and 8.5% (n = 52.2 million) of cases, respectively. Majority of the participants were primary school children with a mean age of 10 years. Cases are mostly diagnosed clinically. There was a large discrepancy between the clinical and mycological diagnosis. About one in every five children in Africa has tinea capitis making it one of the most common childhood conditions in the region. A precise quantification of the burden of this neglected tropical disease is required to inform clinical and public health intervention strategies.

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Section: Aetiology Of Tinea Capitis In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the burden of tinea capitis among children in Africa

Bongomin

Olum

Nsenga

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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“…The underlying disease, neutropenia and other risk factors, substantially alter the epidemiology of infection allowing the development of opportunistic infectious processes at some point during the immunosuppressive therapy (5,24).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candidiasis in pediatric patients with cancer interned in a university hospital

Parahym¹,

Melo²,

Morais³

et al. 2009

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Fungi are common causes of infection in immunocompromised patients. Candida species are frequently involved in these cases. In order to investigate candidiasis in pediatric patients with cancer, clinical samples were collected from one hundred and twenty two patients interned in the Oswaldo Cruz University Hospital in Recife, Brazil. Yeasts were isolated from thirty-four clinical samples. The species isolated were: Candida albicans (fourteen isolates), C. parapsilosis (nine isolates), C. guilliermondii (two isolates) and C. tropicalis (two isolates). We found that candidemia was most frequent in patients with malignant hematology and that C. parapsilosis infections caused the highest mortality.

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“…In general, fungal infection in critically or seriously ill patients is a significant problem,16 and the use of indwelling devices, such as catheters, is a source of nosocomial infection 5. In addition, the vast majority of the cases of candidemia occur in hospitalized patients;28 commonly affect patients in the ICU; and carry a high mortality risk 29…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…to antifungal agents increases with the formation of biofilms into medical implants 13–15. Indeed, Candida colonization appears to be a prerequisite for Candida infection;16 therefore, it is important to distinguish between simple contamination, colonization, and infection of catheters,6,17 because this differentiation remains crucial in initiating treatment 18. A threshold of significance, ≥10 3 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL with or without the appearance of systemic symptoms (fever > 38°C) or local symptoms (purulent opening, insertion-site or route inflammation), determines the type of infectivity of the catheter 19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the types of catheter infectivity caused by Candida species and their biofilm formation. First study in an intensive care unit in Algeria

Seddiki¹,

Boucherit-Otmani²,

Boucherit³

et al. 2013

IJGM

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Nosocomial candidiasis remains a potential risk in intensive care units (ICUs), wherein Candida albicans is most responsible for its occurrence. Equally, non-C. albicans species, especially C. glabrata, are also involved. These infections are frequently associated with biofilms that contaminate medical devices, such as catheters. These biofilms constitute a significant clinical problem, and cause therapeutic failures, because they can escape the immune response and considerably decrease sensitivity to antifungal therapy. The diagnosis of catheter-related candidiasis is difficult; however, the differentiation between an infection of the catheter (or other medical implant) and a simple contamination is essential to start an antifungal treatment. Among the methods used for this type of study is the Brun-Buisson method, but this method only examines the infectivity of catheters caused by bacteria. For this reason, we wanted to adapt this method to the yeast cells of Candida spp. To assess the various types of infectivity of catheters (contamination, colonization, or infection) and their corresponding rates, as well as the responsible yeast species, we conducted our study, between February 2011 and January 2012, in the ICU at the University Hospital Center of Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria; during this study, we took photographic images of the tongue of one patient and of that patient’s implanted orobronchial catheter. In addition, catheters contaminated by C. albicans biofilms were observed by scanning electron microscopy.

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Fungal infection

Cited by 10 publications

References 56 publications

Estimation of the burden of tinea capitis among children in Africa

Estimation of the burden of tinea capitis among children in Africa

Candidiasis in pediatric patients with cancer interned in a university hospital

Assessment of the types of catheter infectivity caused by Candida species and their biofilm formation. First study in an intensive care unit in Algeria

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