Furan [MAK Value Documentation, 2006]

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated all toxicological endpoints of furan [ 110‐00‐9 ]. Data indicate a genotoxic potential of furan especially due to the mutagenic metabolite cis ‐2‐butene‐1,4‐dial. In carcinogenicity studies hepatocellular carcinomas were observed in rats and mice and cholangiocarcinomas in rats starting at the lowest tested dose of 2 mg/kg body weight and day with an incidence of at least 86%. A no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was not obtained. Therefore, furan is classified into Category 2 for carcinogens. Furan is not classified into a Category for Germ Cell Mutagens as effects in testes and ovaries are only observed at doses that induce severe liver toxicity. Calculations show that dermal absorption can contribute substantially to the systemic toxicity. Therefore, furan is designated with an “H”. There are no studies investigating the developmental toxicity and sensitizing potential of furan.