Fusarium and Aspergillus mycotoxins effects on dairy cow health, performance and the efficacy of Anti-Mycotoxin Additive

Jovaišienė, Jurgita; Bakutis, Bronius; Baliukonienė, Violeta; Gerulis, Gediminas

doi:10.1515/pjvs-2016-0011

Cited by 30 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Various parts of the nephron are prone to aflatoxins particularly the AFB1 and its metabolites directed towards nephrotoxicity before it is discharged in the animal urine (Sharma et al, 2011). Serum biochemical parameters increased by aflatoxin treatment were ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, BUN and creatinine (Jovaisiene et al, 2016;Abbès et al, 2010) which is in accordance with our study. Decrease in protein content because of aflatoxin has been described because of inclined necrosis of the kidney [Sharma et al, (2011); Mohammed and Metwally (2009); Wangikar et al,(2005); Lakkawar et al, (2004)] which is agreed by our study in which increased level of BUN and creatinine as well due to lethal effects of AFB 1 on the kidneys.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Short term, high dosage exposure, especially to Aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ), the most strong of these toxins, might cause acute aflatoxicosis. Jovaisiene et al (2016); Gowda et al (2009); Samuel et al (2009) and Tripathi et al (2008) observed that aflatoxin might cause hemorrhagic liver necrosis, steatosis, bile duct proliferation and subsequent organ failure, also higher levels of ALT and AST resulted in hepatocyte degeneration and leakage of enzymes, agreed with our study. Aflatoxins have been caused liver cirrhosis as well as liver cancers (Thrasher, 2012;Wu and Khlangwiset, 2010); Wu and Tritscher, 2011).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

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Effect of dietary aflatoxins (AFB1) on hematological and biochemical indices of male buffaloes

Naseer¹,

Khan²,

Khan³

et al. 2017

IJAR

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The objective of the study was to determine the effect of dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in growing male buffaloes in terms of feed intake, hematological and serum biochemical parameters. Thirty six bovine growing male buffaloes between 6 months to 12 months of age were divided into four groups to receive diet having no AFB1, 0.6mg/kg, 0.8mg/kg and 1.0mg/kg AFB1 of feed per animal per day for 28 days. The results indicate that the average daily feed intake of AFB1-treated growing male buffaloes significantly declined (P > 0.05) compared with the control. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatinine were significantly increased (P > 0.05) in response to AFB1, However change in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels was non-significant values of all hematological parameters decreased significantly (P > 0.05) in1.0mg/kg AFB1 group as compared to other groups after day 14 onward.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of dietary aflatoxins (AFB1) on hematological and biochemical indices of male buffaloes

Naseer¹,

Khan²,

Khan³

et al. 2017

IJAR

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“…Furthermore, Winkler et al [ 17 ] found that cows fed a diet containing 0.5 mg/kg ZEA and 5 mg/kg deoxynivalenol (DON) did not suffer significant effects on their performance. However, in an experimental study of dairy cows to which a diet contaminated with 1 mg/kg ZEA, 600 μg/kg DON, and 10 μg/kg AFB1 was fed, negative effects on somatic cell count, blood parameters, and immunity were identified [ 18 ]. Therefore, we investigated the toxic effects of mixtures of AFB1, OTA, and ZEA on milk yield, dry matter intake (DMI), blood metabolic markers, immune function, and antioxidant status in lactating dairy goats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aflatoxin B1 combined with ochratoxin A and/or zearalenone on metabolism, immune function, and antioxidant status in lactating dairy goats

Huang

Zheng

Fan

et al. 2018

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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ObjectiveThis experiment investigated the effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) alone or mixed with ochratoxin A (OTA) and/or zearalenone (ZEA) on the metabolism, immune function, and antioxidant status of dairy goats.MethodsFifty lactating Laoshan dairy goats were randomly assigned to one of five treatment groups (n = 10) for 14 days. Goats were fed no additive (control) or administered with 50 μg AFB1/kg dry matter (DM) (AFB1), 50 μg AFB1/kg DM+100 μg OTA/kg DM (AFB1+ OTA), 50 μg AFB1/kg DM+500 μg ZEA/kg DM (AFB1+ZEA), or 50 μg AFB1/kg DM+100 μg OTA/kg DM+500 μg ZEA/kg DM (AFB1+OTA+ZEA).ResultsDry matter intake and milk production were lower in goats fed AFB1+OTA+ZEA than in controls. Supplementation with AFB1, OTA, and ZEA significantly decreased red blood cell count, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean platelet volume, and significantly increased white blood cell count, when compared with the control group. Compared with control, the combination of AFB1, OTA, and ZEA significantly increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, total bilirubin (TBIL), interleukin-6, and malondialdehyde (MDA), but significantly reduced immunoglobulin A concentration, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxides (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in serum. Administration of AFB1 combined with OTA led to higher ALP, ALT, TBIL, and MDA, as well as lower milk production, SOD and GSH-Px activities, and T-AOC, than administration of AFB1 combined with ZEA.ConclusionThe mixture of AFB1, OTA, and ZEA exerted the greatest adverse effects on dairy goats, meanwhile the deleterious damage of the other mycotoxin combinations were in varying degrees. The findings of this study could provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of the consequences of contamination of animal feeds with combinations of mycotoxin.

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“…For example, soybeans are generally considered resistant to Aspergilli colonization and a atoxins contamination (Njobeh et al, 2009;Gupta & Venkitasubramanian, 1975) whereas zearalenone is commonly detected in corn, wheat and corn-based feeds (Driehuis et al, 1992;Schmidts et al, 2014;Lee and Ryu, 2017). Nevertheless, considering that a atoxins and zearalenone exert synergistic effects on livestock including cattle (Jovaišienė et al, 2016;Huang et al, 2018), the high incidences of these mycotoxins in major concentrate feedstuffs for dairy animals like CB is cause for concern among small scale dairy farmers in Malawi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Total Aflatoxin and Zearalenone in Dairy Cattle Concentrate Feeds in Malawi

Ca¹,

Jc²,

M³

2020

Preprint

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Background The study was conducted to determine occurrence and levels of total aflatoxin and zearalenone in concentrate feedstuffs for dairy animals from selected farms in Malawi. Methods A total of 130 concentrate feedstuff samples were collected in paper bags from 113 randomly selected farms in the three agroecological zones (representing high, mid and low (lakeshore) altitudes) from October and December 2019. Each feed sample was ground and analyzed for total aflatoxin and zearalenone using VICAM Fluorometer Method procedures. Results About 85% of samples comprised of corn (maize) bran (CB), 8% for pigeon pea (PP), 2% for dairy mash, 1% for soybean and <1% for sunflower, rice bran (RB) and rice bran mixed with maize bran respectively. 75% of corn bran and 100% of dairy mash and rice bran samples were positive for zearalenone (i.e. above 100 μg/kg) while other concentrates tested negative. Incidences of total aflatoxin were 32%, 67% and 9% in CB, DM and PP bran samples respectively and negligible in other concentrates. Overall, 32% and 23% of feedstuffs had total aflatoxin concentrations above regulatory limits set by Malawi’s neighboring countries (Tanzania and Mozambique) and US respectively whereas only 6% of all the concentrate feedstuffs had zearalenone concentrations above the regulatory limit enforced by EU. Levels of total aflatoxin and zearalenone in CB were not affected by agroecological zones (P=0.17 and P=0.87) respectively. Mean total aflatoxin concentration was 35.4, 28.1 and 38.2 μg/kg in High, Lakeshore and Mid agroecologies respectively whereas zearalenone concentration was 249.7, 226.8 and 243.9 μg/kg respectively. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report prevalence of various mycotoxins in dairy concentrate feedstuffs in Malawi. Aflatoxin and zearalenone contamination in dairy concentrates exist but mostly in levels within tolerable limits at least from the limited timeframe of this study. However, presence of total aflatoxin above regulatory limits in 26 - 34% of corn bran, a major concentrate feedstuff, points to the need for deliberate efforts to ensure levels are kept low in dairy animal feeds for both safety of dairy animals and consumers in Malawi.

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Fusarium and Aspergillus mycotoxins effects on dairy cow health, performance and the efficacy of Anti-Mycotoxin Additive

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of dietary aflatoxins (AFB1) on hematological and biochemical indices of male buffaloes

Effect of dietary aflatoxins (AFB1) on hematological and biochemical indices of male buffaloes

Effects of aflatoxin B1 combined with ochratoxin A and/or zearalenone on metabolism, immune function, and antioxidant status in lactating dairy goats

Occurrence of Total Aflatoxin and Zearalenone in Dairy Cattle Concentrate Feeds in Malawi

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