Future Prospects for Clinical Applications of Nanocarbons Focusing on Carbon Nanotubes

Abstract

Over the past 15 years, numerous studies have been conducted on the use of nanocarbons as biomaterials towards such applications as drug delivery systems, cancer therapy, and regenerative medicine. However, the clinical use of nanocarbons remains elusive, primarily due to short‐ and long‐term safety concerns. It is essential that the biosafety of each therapeutic modality be demonstrated in logical and well‐conducted experiments. Accordingly, the fundamental techniques for assessing nanocarbon biomaterial safety have become more advanced. Optimal controls are being established, nanocarbon dispersal techniques are being refined, the array of biokinetic evaluation methods has increased, and carcinogenicity examinations under strict conditions have been developed. The medical implementation of nanocarbons as a biomaterial is in sight. With a particular focus on carbon nanotubes, these perspectives aim to summarize the contributions to date on nanocarbon applications and biosafety, introduce the recent achievements in evaluation techniques, and clarify the future prospects and systematic introduction of carbon nanomaterials for clinical use through practical yet sophisticated assessment methods.

Effects of mechanical properties of carbon-based nanocomposites on scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: a comprehensive review

“…For example, the potential toxicity of nanocarbons is a crucial aspect to address for their safe use in biomedical applications. 34 Their toxicity can vary depending on several factors, including the specic type of nanocarbon (e.g., carbon nanotubes and graphene), dimensions (e.g., length and diameter), surface characteristics (e.g., functionalization and charge), and the biological system that they interact with. 35 Some studies have indicated that certain forms of nanocarbon, particularly long and rigid carbon nanotubes, may induce inammation or cellular damage under certain conditions.…”

“…For example, the potential toxicity of nanocarbons is a crucial aspect to address for their safe use in biomedical applications. 34 Their toxicity can vary depending on several factors, including the specific type of nanocarbon ( e.g. , carbon nanotubes and graphene), dimensions ( e.g.…”

Carbon Nanostructures as promising Targeted Drug Delivery systems of Anticancer Agents

“…• Integration with Other Technologies: Integrating CNSs with other nanotechnologies, such as nanoparticle systems or biosensors, could lead to more sophisticated drug delivery systems (Masoudi Asil et al, 2023;Saito et al, 2022).…”

Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Carbon Nanotubes: An Overview

“…There had been a prime focus on nano-carbon biomaterial research and its development over the last 15 years. However, it is strongly believed that this focus would lead to paradigm shifts and lead to major advancements in global medicine by following the road towards clinical applications [80].…”