GABA receptor mediated suppression of defensive rage behavior elicited from the medial hypothalamus of the cat: role of the lateral hypothalamus

Cheu, Joseph W; Siegel, Allan

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01357-7

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…In humans, activation of the medial hypothalamus was observed during exposure to a traumatic painful stimulus that elicited an intense emotional experience (Hsieh et al, 1996). For all these species, vocalizations are part of their defensive reaction to imminent threat (Fernandez De Molina and Hunsperger, 1962;Jürgens, 1979;Blanchard et al, 1986Blanchard et al, , 2001, and consistent with the present findings bicuculline and muscimol administered into the medial hypothalamus facilitates and suppresses defensive responding, respectively (Silveira and Graeff, 1992;Roeling et al, 1993;Silveira et al, 1995;Strzelczuk and Romaniuk, 1995;Cheu and Siegel, 1998;Zagrodzka et al, 2000). As exposure to a noxious stimulus is the prototypical imminent threat to an individual it is not surprising that noxious stimulation would engage neural circuits that govern execution of innate defensive responses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The dmVMH along with other interconnected medial hypothalamic nuclei (dorsal premammillary nucleus and anteriomedial hypothalamus-medial preoptic area) constitute a hypothalamic behavioral control system that governs the execution of innate defensive responses to environmental threats (Petrovich et al, 2001;Canteras, 2002). These hypothalamic nuclei exhibit c-Fos activation following exposure to either noxious or non-noxious threatening stimuli (Bullitt, 1990;Sandner, et al, 1993;Canteras et al, 1997;Liu et al, 1998;Rodella et al, 1998;Beckett et al, 1999;Dielenberg, et al, 2001;Parry et al, 2002), and inactivation or damage of these sites blocks naturally occurring defensive behaviors (Canteras et al, 1997;Cheu and Siegel, 1998;Markham et al, 2004). Stimulation of these medial hypothalamic nuclei elicits defensive responding in rats, cats and monkeys (Fernandez de Molina and Hunsperger, 1962;Lipp and Hunsperger, 1978;Milani and Graeff, 1987), and in humans generates reports of fear, anxiety and horror (Ervin et al, 1969;Heath, 1975;Iacono and Nashold, 1982;Tasker, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribution of the ventromedial hypothalamus to generation of the affective dimension of pain

Borszcz

2006

Pain

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The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is a core structure underlying the generation of affective behaviors to threats. The prototypical threat to an individual is exposure to a noxious stimulus and the dorsomedial division of the VMH (dmVMH) receives nociceptive input. The present study evaluated the contribution of the dmVMH to generation of the affective reaction to pain in rats. Noxious tailshock elicits from rats vocalization afterdischarges (VADs) that have distinct spectrographic characteristics and are a validated model of the affective reaction to pain. VAD-like vocalizations (vocalizations with the same spectral characteristics of VADs) were elicited by stimulation (electrical or chemical) of the dmVMH. Stimulation in the vicinity of the dmVMH was ineffective in eliciting VADs. Manipulation of GABA A neurochemistry within the dmVMH altered the threshold for elicitation of VADs by dmVMH stimulation or tailshock. Administration of the GABA A antagonist bicuculline or the GABA A agonist muscimol into the dmVMH lowered and elevated VAD thresholds, respectively. These treatments did not alter thresholds of other tailshock elicited responses (vocalizations during tailshock or spinal motor reflexes). Bicuculline and muscimol administered into the dmVMH also elevated and lowered the asymptotic level of fear conditioning supported by dmVMH stimulation or tailshock. These findings demonstrate that the dmVMH contributes to the processing of pain affect and that the affective dimension of pain belongs to a broader class of sensory experience that represents threat to the individual.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of the ventromedial hypothalamus to generation of the affective dimension of pain

Borszcz

2006

Pain

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“…However, activation of the 5-HT 2 receptor in the midbrain PAG potentiates defensive rage behavior [56]. The interesting deduction from the aforementioned findings is the differential effects of these two serotonin subtypes upon defensive behavior, specific to the PAG or neurons in the medial hypothalamus associated with the expression of defense in rats, mice [57], cat [58] and during spontaneous defensive or attack response behavior in humans [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Comparative analysis of the mechanisms of attack and defense among higher brain animals

Nathaniel

Femi²,

Nathaniel

2006

Open Life Sciences

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Many studies have investigated different mechanisms of attack and defense in different species of higher brain animals including cats, rats, rodents, mice, and even in some bird species. However, detailed comparative analysis has not been carried out to understand the major similarities in the mechanisms of attack and defense across the different species of vertebrates. Although there are differences, there are also significant similarities as well, which warrant comparative assessment. By considering ethological ideas associated with the motivational defense system, we investigated the motor patterns of attack and defense in cats and rats, using the "resident-intruder" experimental paradigm. Our results reveal specific similarities and differences in the motor patterns of attack and defense in rats and cats. We discuss comparatively the mechanisms of attack and defense across different species of vertebrates, focusing on motor patterns, neuromodulating factors, brains neural substrates, and circuitry.

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“…Increasing GABA activity in rats suppressed shock-induced defensive aggression (Rodgers et al 1982) and mouse-killing (Delini-Stula and Vassout 1978;Bolin et al 1982;Molina et al 1986). Similarly, in cats, the hypothalamically evoked defensive ''rage'' reaction was decreased by treatment with the GABA agonist muscimol (Cheu and Siegel 1998). The above studies on GABA all relied on pharmacological treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of γ-aminobutyric acid on growth performance, behavior and plasma hormones in weaned pigs

et al. 2015

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. 2015. Effect of g-aminobutyric acid on growth performance, behavior and plasma hormones in weaned pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 165Á171. The study was conducted the effects of dietary g-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 0 and 30 mg kg(1 ) on average daily intake, growth performance, behavior and plasma hormone levels in weaned pigs. A total of 96 28-d-old healthy weaned male pigs (Duroc )Landrace)Yorkshire) with similar weight were randomly assigned into two groups. Six units were included in each treatment, with eight pigs in each unit. The trial lasted 35 d. Four pigs were exchanged between every two pens in the same treatment on day 28. No difference was observed on average daily feed intake, average daily gain and feed-to-gain ratio between the pigs fed 30 mg kg(1 GABA diets and the pigs fed basal diet, respectively. Longer feed consumption time and lower biting incidences were observed in pigs fed GABA, compared with those fed basal diet, respectively. Plasma growth hormone concentration was significantly increased and the plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotrophic hormone and cortisol were lower in weaned pigs in the GABA supplementation group on day 35. Dietary GABA significantly increased the plasma neuropeptide Y concentration on day 14 and day 35. It is indicated that dietary GABA reduced aggressive behavior and regulated endocrine hormones in weaned pigs, ultimately reducing the negative influences of stress (weaning and mixing) on the pigs.

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GABA receptor mediated suppression of defensive rage behavior elicited from the medial hypothalamus of the cat: role of the lateral hypothalamus

Cited by 44 publications

References 47 publications

Contribution of the ventromedial hypothalamus to generation of the affective dimension of pain

Contribution of the ventromedial hypothalamus to generation of the affective dimension of pain

Comparative analysis of the mechanisms of attack and defense among higher brain animals

Effect of γ-aminobutyric acid on growth performance, behavior and plasma hormones in weaned pigs

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