Galaxies with “rows”: A new catalog

Abstract

Galaxies with "rows" in Vorontsov-Velyaminov's terminology stand out among the variety of spiral galactic patterns. A characteristic feature of such objects is the sequence of straightline segments that forms the spiral arm. In 2001 A. Chernin and co-authors published a catalog of such galaxies which includes 204 objects from the Palomar Atlas. In this paper, we supplement the catalog with 276 objects based on an analysis of all the galaxies from the New General Catalogue and Index Catalogue. The total number of NGC and IC galaxies with rows is 406, including the objects of . The use of more recent galaxy images allowed us to detect more "rows" on average, compared with the catalog of Chernin et al. When comparing the principal galaxy properties we found no significant differences between galaxies with rows and all S-typeNGC/IC galaxies.We discuss twomechanisms for the formation of polygonal structures based on numerical gas-dynamic and collisionless Nbody calculations, which demonstrate that a spiral pattern with rows is a transient stage in the evolution of galaxies and a system with a powerful spiral structure can pass through this stage. The hypothesis of A. that the occurrence frequency of interacting galaxies is twice higher among galaxies with rows is not confirmed for the combined set of 480 galaxies. The presence of a central stellar bar appears to be a favorable factor for the formation of a system of "rows".

Spectral observations of the systems with the disturbed spiral arms: Arp 42, Arp 82, and Arp 58

“…Remarkably, this arm contains two or three straight sections ('rows'). Such features often observed in galaxies with the ordered spiral arms may be considered as a sign of strong large-scale shock waves linked with spiral arms (see Chernin et al 2001;Butenko & Khoperskov 2017, and the references therein). In contrast, the opposite (northern) spiral arm looks rather smoothed and badly defined, although the extended emission regions are observed along the whole arm.…”

Investigation of the Baryonic Mass Tully–Fisher Relationship for Normal and Barred Spiral Galaxies

“…Information about the Parameters Utilized in the Study and Collected from the Literature for Unbarred Spiral Galaxies[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and from the NED and HyperLEDA websites…”