Galectin-3 as a Marker for Increased Thrombogenicity in COVID-19

Puccini, Marianna; Reinshagen, Leander; Friebel, Julian; Schencke, Philipp-Alexander; Ghanbari, Emily; Landmesser, Ulf; Haghikia, Arash; Kränkel, Nicolle; Rauch, Ursula

doi:10.3390/ijms24097683

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In addition, results from a study by Ozcan et al indicated that galectin-3, IL-6 and CRP levels on hospital admission are related to the need for transfer to the ICU and that galectin-3 alone is related to the need for advanced ventilatory support [14]. Galectin-3 was also studied in the context of thrombogenicity and was found to significantly correlate with von Willebrand Factor (vWF) and mean platelet volume (MPV) in a COVID-positive group as compared to a COVID-negative group, thus indicating platelet activation [17]. Our results confirm previous studies on galectin-3, using not only larger patient numbers, but two cohorts from different catchment areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Levels of Galectin-3 in Critical COVID-19

Nikitopoulou,

Vassiliou,

Athanasiou

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Severe COVID-19 is related to hyperinflammation and multiple organ injury, including respiratory failure, thus requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Galectin-3, a carbohydrate-binding protein exhibiting pleiotropic effects, has been previously recognized to participate in inflammation, the immune response to infections and fibrosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between galectin-3 and the clinical severity of COVID-19, as well as assess the prognostic accuracy of galectin-3 for the probability of ICU mortality. The study included 235 COVID-19 patients with active disease, treated in two different Greek hospitals in total. Our results showed that median galectin-3 serum levels on admission were significantly increased in critical COVID-19 patients (7.2 ng/mL), as compared to the median levels of patients with less severe disease (2.9 ng/mL, p = 0.003). Galectin-3 levels of the non-survivors hospitalized in the ICU were significantly higher than those of the survivors (median 9.1 ng/mL versus 5.8 ng/mL, p = 0.001). The prognostic accuracy of galectin-3 for the probability of ICU mortality was studied with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and a multivariate analysis further demonstrated that galectin-3 concentration at hospital admission could be assumed as an independent risk factor associated with ICU mortality. Our results were validated with galectin-3 measurements in a second patient cohort from a different Greek university hospital. Our results, apart from strongly confirming and advancing previous knowledge with two patient cohorts, explore the possibility of predicting ICU mortality, which could provide useful information to clinicians. Therefore, galectin-3 seems to establish its involvement in the prognosis of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, suggesting that it could serve as a promising biomarker in critical COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Levels of Galectin-3 in Critical COVID-19

Nikitopoulou,

Vassiliou,

Athanasiou

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Identifying reliable prognostic markers and therapeutic targets is crucial for improving patient outcomes [68]. One potential candidate is Gal-3, a protein involved in inflammation, lung fibrosis, and thrombogenicity [69,70]. Galectin-3 is a multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including inflammation, cell adhesion, and immune modulation [10].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Virus Infection and Galectin-3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gal-3 levels correlate with inflammatory markers such as CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α, and monitoring these levels can help clinicians identify high-risk patients and guide clinical decision-making [73]. Galectin-3 also correlates with markers of thrombogenicity and clinical disease severity, suggesting its usefulness in assessing disease severity and hypercoagulability in COVID-19 patients [69]. In Table 2, we provide an overview of the diverse applications and implications of Gal-3 as a biomarker across different viral infections.…”

Section: Galectin-3 As a Potential Biomarker For Covid-19 Severity An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Table 2, we provide an overview of the diverse applications and implications of Gal-3 as a biomarker across different viral infections. Galectin-3 is involved in various aspects of COVID-19 pathogenesis, including promotion of inflammation, dysregulation of immune response, fibrosis and tissue remodeling, and endothelial dysfunction and thrombosis [69,74]. Understanding the role of Gal-3 in COVID-19 pathogenesis can inform the development of targeted therapies and management strategies, potentially improving patient outcomes and reducing the global burden of this devastating pandemic.…”

Section: Galectin-3 As a Potential Biomarker For Covid-19 Severity An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Pivotal Role of Galectin-3 in Viral Infection: A Multifaceted Player in Host–Pathogen Interactions

Stojanović

Milovanović

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a beta-galactoside-binding lectin, plays a pivotal role in various cellular processes, including immune responses, inflammation, and cancer progression. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the multifaceted functions of Gal-3, starting with its crucial involvement in viral entry through facilitating viral attachment and catalyzing internalization. Furthermore, Gal-3 assumes significant roles in modulating immune responses, encompassing the activation and recruitment of immune cells, regulation of immune signaling pathways, and orchestration of cellular processes such as apoptosis and autophagy. The impact of Gal-3 extends to the viral life cycle, encompassing critical phases such as replication, assembly, and release. Notably, Gal-3 also contributes to viral pathogenesis, demonstrating involvement in tissue damage, inflammation, and viral persistence and latency elements. A detailed examination of specific viral diseases, including SARS-CoV-2, HIV, and influenza A, underscores the intricate role of Gal-3 in modulating immune responses and facilitating viral adherence and entry. Moreover, the potential of Gal-3 as a biomarker for disease severity, particularly in COVID-19, is considered. Gaining further insight into the mechanisms and roles of Gal-3 in these infections could pave the way for the development of innovative treatment and prevention options for a wide range of viral diseases.

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“…Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is an inflammatory biomarker belonging to the transforming growth factor ß superfamily. It is widely distributed in various organs, where it is secreted by macrophages, endothelial cells, and cardiomyocytes during oxidative stress, tissue injury, or inflammation [126,127]. Although the full effects of GDF-15 are not yet fully understood, it has shown potential cardioprotective effects.…”

Section: Gdf-15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Biomarkers and Their Role in Identifying Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19 Patients

Yaluri,

Stančáková Yaluri,

Žeňuch

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health concern, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Both lifestyle and genetics influence the development of CVD. It is often diagnosed late, when the treatment options are limited. Early diagnosis of CVD with help of biomarkers is necessary to prevent adverse outcomes. SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause cardiovascular complications even in patients with no prior history of CVD. This review highlights cardiovascular biomarkers, including novel ones, and their applications as diagnostic and prognostic markers of cardiovascular complications related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection were shown to have elevated levels of cardiac biomarkers, namely N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), and troponins, indicating acute myocardial damage. These biomarkers were also associated with higher mortality rates and therefore should be used throughout COVID-19 patient care to identify high-risk patients promptly to optimize their outcomes. Additionally, microRNAs (miRNAs) are also considered as potential biomarkers and predictors of cardiac and vascular damage in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Identifying molecular pathways contributing to cardiovascular manifestations in COVID-19 is essential for development of early biomarkers, identification of new therapeutic targets, and better prediction and management of cardiovascular outcomes.

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Galectin-3 as a Marker for Increased Thrombogenicity in COVID-19

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

Increased Levels of Galectin-3 in Critical COVID-19

Increased Levels of Galectin-3 in Critical COVID-19

The Pivotal Role of Galectin-3 in Viral Infection: A Multifaceted Player in Host–Pathogen Interactions

Cardiac Biomarkers and Their Role in Identifying Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19 Patients

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